Influences of lipopolysaccharide-induced immune challenge on performance and whole-body protein turnover in weanling pigs

Chen, Shuai; Zhang, Keying; Chun-yan, WU

doi:10.1016/j.livsci.2007.06.011

Cited by 23 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Such changes result essentially from the reduction in feed intake, the redistribution of nutrients from growth towards the immune system response (Johnson, 1997;Spurlock, 1997;Le Floc'h et al, 2004), and the decrease in nutrient digestibility (Le Floc'h et al, 2014). Accordingly, Daiwen et al (2008) observed a lower weight gain and feed efficiency in pigs receiving LPS than in pair-fed control pigs administered a saline solution.…”

Section: Voluntary Feed Intake and Growth Performancementioning

confidence: 88%

“…Skeletal muscle catabolism increases free amino acids into the circulation that, in turn, can be used in the liver for the synthesis of acute phase proteins, as well as substrate for gluconeogenesis (Hasselgren and Fischer, 1999;Leverve, 2001;Obled, 2003). Accordingly, Daiwen et al (2008) observed lower protein retention in pigs challenged intramuscularly with LPS when compared with their pair-fed counterparts receiving a saline solution. Webel et al (1997) reported an increase in plasma urea nitrogen levels in association with increased circulating tumor necrosis factor (TNF) -α and IL-6 in pigs intraperitoneally challenged with LPS.…”

Section: Metabolic Adjustmentsmentioning

confidence: 92%

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Physiological responses of growing pigs to high ambient temperature and/or inflammatory challenges

et al. 2017

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-Global warming is one of the major environmental threats facing the world in the 21st century. This fact will have a significant impact on pig production due to its direct effects on welfare, health, and performance of pigs. Besides, the effects of high temperatures will presumably become more important over the next decades due to the development of pig production in developing countries mainly located in tropical and subtropical areas, where animals are often exposed to ambient temperatures above their thermal comfort zone. Furthermore, pigs reared in tropical areas are often confronted to sanitary challenges including poor hygiene conditions, lack of respect for sanitary rules, and pathogens. This results in the stimulation of the immune system and, as a consequence, in the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and neuroendocrine adjustments that, in turn, usually have a negative impact on growth and feed efficiency. Although the effects of high ambient temperature and disease on pig physiology and performance have been well documented in literature, little is known about the associated effects of both factors. This understanding may contribute to a better quantification and comprehension of the physiological and metabolic disturbances occurring in practical conditions of pig production in tropical areas and, more generally, in many other geographic areas that will be influenced by the perspective of global warming. Therefore, the objective of this work is to provide an overview of recent research advances on the physiological responses of growing pigs during acclimation to high ambient temperature and on the potential effects of high ambient temperature on the ability of growing pigs to resist, cope with, or recover from an inflammatory challenge.

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Section: Voluntary Feed Intake and Growth Performancementioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Metabolic Adjustmentsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Physiological responses of growing pigs to high ambient temperature and/or inflammatory challenges

et al. 2017

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“…While the anirnal itself tries to fight the cause of the stress, the intestine develops a reduced ability to transport nutrients and carry out other functions. The end result is an increased catabolic cascade and degradation of muscle proteins (Webel et al, 1998;Daiwen et al, 2008) to support gluconeogenesis and increased whole-body metabolic energy demands.…”

Section: Implications Of Intestinal Endotoxin and Inflammationmentioning

confidence: 99%

GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT SYMPOSIUM: Endotoxin, inflammation, and intestinal function in livestock1,2

Mani

Weber

Baumgard

et al. 2012

Journal of Animal Science

157

131

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Endotoxin, also referred to as lipopolysaccharide (LPS), can stimulate localized or systemic inflammation via the activation of pattern recognition receptors. Additionally, endotoxin and inflammation can regulate intestinal epithelial function by altering integrity, nutrient transport, and utilization. The gastrointestinal tract is a large reservoir of both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, of which the gram-negative bacteria serve as a source of endotoxin. Luminal endotoxin can enter circulation via two routes: 1) nonspecific paracellular transport through epithelial cell tight junctions, and 2) transcellular transport through lipid raft membrane domains involving receptor-mediated endocytosis. Paracellular transport of endotoxin occurs through dissociation of tight junction protein complexes resulting in reduced intestinal barrier integrity, which can be a result of enteric disease, inflammation, or environmental and metabolic stress. Transcellular transport, via specialized membrane regions rich in glycolipids, sphingolipids, cholesterol, and saturated fatty acids, is a result of raft recruitment of endotoxin-related signaling proteins leading to endotoxin signaling and endocytosis. Both transport routes and sensitivity to endotoxin may be altered by diet and environmental and metabolic stresses. Intestinal-derived endotoxin and inflammation result in suppressed appetite, activation of the immune system, and partitioning of energy and nutrients away from growth toward supporting the immune system requirements. In livestock, this leads to the suppression of growth, particularly suppression of lean tissue accretion. In this paper, we summarize the evidence that intestinal transport of endotoxin and the subsequent inflammation leads to decrease in the production performance of agricultural animals and we present an overview of endotoxin detoxification mechanisms in livestock.

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“…With this model, healthy pigs are fed to the same level of infected pigs, negating the impact of feed intake. In a LPS model, feed efficiency and N retention were reduced and protein degradation rate was increased 14%, 14%, and 13%, respectively, from pair-fed controls (Daiwen et al, 2008). Using the same LPS pair-fed model, away, increasing the need for collagen for colonic wall reassembly .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Amino acid requirements of health challenged pigs

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Influences of lipopolysaccharide-induced immune challenge on performance and whole-body protein turnover in weanling pigs

Cited by 23 publications

References 17 publications

Physiological responses of growing pigs to high ambient temperature and/or inflammatory challenges

Physiological responses of growing pigs to high ambient temperature and/or inflammatory challenges

GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT SYMPOSIUM: Endotoxin, inflammation, and intestinal function in livestock1,2

Amino acid requirements of health challenged pigs

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