Influences of the neighbourhood food environment on adiposity of low-income preschool-aged children in Los Angeles County: a longitudinal study

Chaparro, M. Pia; Whaley, Shannon E.; Crespi, Catherine M.; Koleilat, Maria; Nobari, Tabashir Z.; Seto, Edmund; Wang, May C

doi:10.1136/jech-2014-204034

Cited by 27 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Grow et al (2010) found that children in low SES neighbourhoods have higher rates of childhood obesity. Neighbourhood factors such as unsafe areas that limit opportunities for exercise, low density of healthy food outlets and lack of available recreational facilities have been shown to contribute to the increase risk for childhood obesity (Borrell et al 2016;Chaparro et al 2014;Skinner & Foster 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors influencing obesity among preschoolers: multilevel approach

Park

Bahorski

et al. 2019

International Nursing Review

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Background Childhood obesity is a complex and multifaceted problem involving interactions among child, family and community environment. Aim The purpose of this study was to examine the contributing factors to early childhood obesity within a multilevel context, including child and family, childcare setting and community. Methods A cross‐sectional, quantitative research design was employed. A total of 129 preschoolers and their parents in northwest Florida participated in this study. Child height and weight were measured, and body mass index (BMI) was calculated. Parents and directors of preschools completed survey questionnaires to assess child/family, childcare setting and community factors, respectively. Hierarchical multiple regression was used to evaluate the association of each level of factors with child BMI z‐score. Results Twenty‐one per cent of children were overweight or obese (≥85th BMI percentile). In hierarchical multiple regression, household income, parent beliefs, attitudes and practices for child feeding, family obesogenic environment, child routines (screen time on weekends, sleep hours, bedtime) and physical activity environment were significantly related to child BMI z‐score. Conclusions The findings of this study provide a broader understanding of factors that influence child BMI z‐score. Shaping a non‐obesogenic environment by establishing healthy routines for children in the home, childcare setting and community is essential in childhood obesity prevention. Implications for nursing practice and health policy Paediatric nurses should routinely assess accurate parental perception of child weight, feeding style and child routines in well‐child care visits. Healthcare professionals and health policymakers should enact policies that build a healthy environment for preschoolers in their childcare setting and community.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors influencing obesity among preschoolers: multilevel approach

Park

Bahorski

et al. 2019

International Nursing Review

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“…For instance, in one study the presence of convenience stores in neighborhoods was associated with 7-year-old girls’ excessive BMI-for-age growth over three years, but produce vendors and farmer’s markets were inversely associated with obesity risk [13]. However, a study based in Los Angeles County observed that children’s greater weight-for-height was associated with having healthy food outlets in the neighborhood [15]. An unmeasured factor is that the food outlet environment in neighborhoods may change over time, and children’s growth status could change with the dynamics of local food environment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in the Neighborhood Food Store Environment and Children's Body Mass Index at Peripuberty in the United States

Chen

Wang

2016

Journal of Adolescent Health

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Background Little is known about the relationship between changes in food store environment and children’s obesity risk in the US. This study examines children’s weight status associated with the changes in the quantity of food stores in their neighborhoods. Methods A nationally representative cohort of schoolchildren in the US was followed from 5th grade in 2004 to 8th grade in 2007 (n=7090). In 2004 and 2007, children’s body mass index (BMI) was directly measured in schools. ZIP-Code Business Patterns data from the Census Bureau in 2004 and 2007 characterized the numbers of food stores in every ZIP-code area by type of store: supermarkets, limited-service restaurants, small-size grocery and convenience stores. Baseline and change in the numbers of stores were the major exposures of interest. Results Girls living in neighborhoods with ≥ 3 supermarkets had a lower BMI three years later (by −0.62 kg/m2; 95% C.I.: −1.05, −0.18) than did those living in neighborhoods without any supermarkets. Girls living in neighborhoods with many limited-service restaurants had a greater BMI three years later (by 1.02 kg/m2; 95% C.I.: 0.36, 1.68) than did those living in neighborhoods with ≤1 limited-service restaurant. Exposure to a decreased quantity of small-size grocery stores in neighborhoods was associated with girls’ lower BMI by eighth grade. Conclusions The longitudinal association between neighborhood food environment and children’s BMI differed by gender. For girls, supermarkets in neighborhoods seemed protective against obesity, while small-size grocery stores and limited-service restaurants in neighborhoods increased obesity risk. There was no significant longitudinal finding for boys.

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“…Given that individuals often travel farther than 1 mile to visit food establishments, researchers have challenged the use of neighborhoods defined by administrative units or buffers (7,8,11,18–20). The objective of this study was to examine the relevance of different definitions of neighborhood food environments by quantifying individuals’ travel beyond commonly defined neighborhoods for food shopping or eating away from home.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beyond Neighborhood Food Environments: Distance Traveled to Food Establishments in 5 US Cities, 2009–2011

Liu¹,

Han²,

Cohen³

2015

Prev. Chronic Dis.

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IntroductionAccurate conceptualizations of neighborhood environments are important in the design of policies and programs aiming to improve access to healthy food. Neighborhood environments are often defined by administrative units or buffers around points of interest. An individual may eat and shop for food within or outside these areas, which may not reflect accessibility of food establishments. This article examines the relevance of different definitions of food environments.MethodsWe collected data on trips to food establishments using a 1-week food and travel diary and global positioning system devices. Spatial-temporal clustering methods were applied to identify homes and food establishments visited by study participants.ResultsWe identified 513 visits to food establishments (sit-down restaurants, fast-food/convenience stores, malls or stores, groceries/supermarkets) by 135 participants in 5 US cities. The average distance between the food establishments and homes was 2.6 miles (standard deviation, 3.7 miles). Only 34% of the visited food establishments were within participants’ neighborhood census tract. Buffers of 1 or 2 miles around the home covered 55% to 65% of visited food establishments. There was a significant difference in the mean distances to food establishments types (P = .008). On average, participants traveled the longest distances to restaurants and the shortest distances to groceries/supermarkets.ConclusionMany definitions of the neighborhood food environment are misaligned with individual travel patterns, which may help explain the mixed findings in studies of neighborhood food environments. Neighborhood environments defined by actual travel activity may provide more insight on how the food environment influences dietary and food shopping choices.

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Influences of the neighbourhood food environment on adiposity of low-income preschool-aged children in Los Angeles County: a longitudinal study

Cited by 27 publications

References 26 publications

Factors influencing obesity among preschoolers: multilevel approach

Factors influencing obesity among preschoolers: multilevel approach

Changes in the Neighborhood Food Store Environment and Children's Body Mass Index at Peripuberty in the United States

Beyond Neighborhood Food Environments: Distance Traveled to Food Establishments in 5 US Cities, 2009–2011

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