Objective: While socio-economically disadvantaged adolescents tend to have poor dietary intakes, some manage to eat healthily. Understanding how some disadvantaged adolescents restrict high-energy foods and beverages may inform initiatives promoting healthier diets among this population. The present investigation aimed to: (i) identify disadvantaged adolescents' high-energy food and beverage intakes; and (ii) explore cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between intrapersonal, social and environmental factors and disadvantaged adolescents' high-energy food intakes. Design: Longitudinal online surveys were completed at baseline (2004)(2005) and follow-up (2006-2007), each comprising a thirty-eight-item FFQ and questions examining intrapersonal, social and environmental factors. Setting: Thirty-seven secondary schools in metropolitan and non-metropolitan Victoria, Australia. Subjects: Of 1938 adolescents aged 12-15 years participating at both time points, 529 disadvantaged adolescents (whose mothers had low education levels) were included in the present investigation. Results: At baseline and follow-up, respectively 32 % and 39 % of adolescents consumed high-energy foods less frequently (#2 high-energy food meals/week); 61 % and 65 % consumed high-energy beverages less frequently (#1 time/d). More girls than boys had less frequent high-energy food intakes, and baseline consumption frequency predicted consumption frequency at follow-up. Adolescents with less frequent consumption of high-energy foods and beverages seldom ate fast food for main meals, reported reduced availability of high-energy foods at home and were frequently served vegetables at dinner. Conclusions: Nutrition promotion initiatives could help improve disadvantaged adolescents' eating behaviours by promoting adolescents and their families to replace high-energy meals with nutritious home-prepared meals and decrease home availability of high-energy foods in place of more nutritious foods.Good nutrition is important for preventing several dietrelated diseases (1) . Since dietary habits and preferences developed in childhood and adolescence may be maintained into adulthood (2,3) , altering diet-related behaviours early in life, such as during adolescence (4,5) , is important for disease prevention. Many high-energy foods and beverages are nutrient-poor and often sources of high levels of saturated fat, sugar and salt (6) , which have been linked to overweight and obesity, dyslipidaemia, hypertension, hyperglycaemia and insulin resistance (7) . Increased intakes of high-energy foods and beverages also tend to displace consumption of more nutritious foods including fruit, vegetables and milk (8,9) , further impacting on health. Adolescents tend to consume diets that are at odds with recommendations for health, with a high proportion consuming high-energy foods and beverages daily (10,11) .Further, adolescents' intake of high-energy foods tends to increase as they mature, resulting in even poorer dietary quality (12)(13)(14) . Socio-econo...