Influência das variáveis nutricionais e da obesidade sobre a saúde e o metabolismo

Abstract

Obesity is a recurring theme in current scientific literature. This can easily be explained by its exponential increase in all layers of society. The popularity of this subject has also given rise to associated questions, which have achieved greater prominence in health-related publications. In order to assess what has been studied in the field of obesity and nutrition, an overview of all articles published on these subjects in some of the main Brazilian scientific journals over the past two years was performed. Among the subthemes selected for this study, those related to childhood obesity attracted attention due to their greater frequency. These were subdivided into: prevalence, intrauterine and breastfeeding influences that may lead to the development of this condition, impact on quality of life, cardiovascular system and metabolism, and possible prevention strategies. Furthermore, issues related to obesity in adults were explored, such as risk factors and new strategies for prevention, with special attention given to the many studies evaluating different aspects of bariatric surgery. Finally, the subject of malnutrition and the impact of the deficiency of specific micronutrients such as selenium, vitamin D, and vitamin B12 were assessed. Based on the results, it was possible to assess the actual importance of obesity and nutrition in health maintenance, and also the several lines of research regarding these issues. Thus, it is essential to create new methods, which must be quick and efficient, to update health professionals involved in the treatment of obesity.

Prevalence of stunting and overweight/obesity among Brazilian children according to different epidemiological scenarios: systematic review and meta-analysis

“…The importance of daycare centers in relation to children's nutritional status comes from the fact that they are long-term care institutions that provide virtually all daily meals and constitute an ideal environment for implementation of health promotion strategies and actions, which are conditions that directly affect the nutritional status and growth of children. 2 , 53 Thus, daycare centers are an important instrument for ensuring food and nutrition safety, and their role has gradually been expanding such that they are becoming a public policy proposal for the education, nutrition and health sectors. 15 , 20…”

“… 1 These paradoxical data are explained by the process of nutritional transition, characterized by inversion of the distribution patterns of nutritional problems. 2 …”

Influência do treinamento concorrente na composição corporal e óssea de adolescentes obesos

“…4 Para minimizar o crescimento da obesidade bem como das alterações metabólicas e ortopédicas associadas faz-se necessária à adoção de medidas preventivas e de tratamento desta doença, sugerindo a associação entre exercício físico e reeducação alimentar. 5 Estudos apresentam a potencialização dos resultados benéficos quando realiza-se uma intervenção multidisciplinar por meio de modificações na dieta, implementação de atividade física sistematizada e acompanhamento médico como observado no estudo de Fagherazzi et al 6 Dentre os diferentes modelos de exercício físi-co, o treinamento concorrente (TC), composto de exercício aeróbio e resistido em uma mesma sessão de treinamento 7 , pode ser indicado para a manutenção da massa óssea, pois ambos os modelos são apontados como atividades que resultam em osteogênese. O mecanismo pelo qual esses processos ocorrem, é pela magnitude da deformação óssea ocorrida durante essas atividades através das contrações musculares, onde maiores cargas e intensidades de treino resultam em respostas maiores da massa óssea.…”

Factors associated with young adults' knowledge regarding family history of Stroke

“…Various studies have presented evidence that CVD manifested in the adult age results from a complex interaction between risk factors which may originate in youth 8 . Many of these factors can be prevented, as they are modifiable.…”