Influência de diferentes porta-enxertos na composição química dos óleos essenciais e do suco de tangerinas Fremont IAC 543

Abstract

The Fremont IAC 543 mandarin variety is a hybrid from the crossing of the Clementina and Ponkan mandarins and it can be grown on different rootstocks in Brazil. The objective of this research was to investigate the influence of different rootstocks (Rangpur lemon, Swingle citrumelo, trifoliate and Flying Dragon trifoliate) on the chemical composition of the essential oils and volatiles of the Fremont IAC 543 mandarin. The essential oils from the fruit peels were obtained by hydrodistillation, and ranged from 0.36 to 0.47% (v/w) and the mandarin cultivated in Flying Dragon trifoliate rootstock showed the lowest essential oil yield. The chemical characterization of the essential oils was performed by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and the semi-quantification of essential oil components was performed by gas chromatography coupled to a flame ionization detector (GC-FID). The major essential oils compounds were limonene, linalool, and myrcene, which were responsible for more than 95% of the essential oil components. Due to the higher productivity of the citrumelo Swingle rootstock (18 L ha-1), this was the most suitable rootstock for the Fremont IAC 543 mandarin essential oil production. Aiming the characterization of the Fremont IAC 543 mandarin juice volatiles compounds, a multivariate optimization of juice volatiles extraction by headspace solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME) was performed. It was found that the best volatile extraction conditions were the use of divinylbenzene/polydimethylsiloxane (DVB/PDMS) fiber, 43 ° C for extraction temperature and 31 min for extraction time. The main volatile compounds of the whole juices studied were limonene, myrcene, linalool, decanal and α-pinene. It is possible to see a considerable variation in the volatile composition of whole juices according to the rootstock used. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectras showed that the juices of the four samples analyzed had complex but similar profiles. Tangerine cultivated with Rangpur lemon rootstock showed higher values of malic acid and tyrosine. Tangerine growth in citrumelo Swingle showed higher amounts of citric acid and ethanol. The variety planted on the rootstock of trifoliate showed higher amount of alanine, glucose and sucrose. The sample cultivated on the Flying Dragon trifoliate rootstock showed less ethanol. Through the principal component analysis, it was possible to differentiate the samples using their essential oil components and volatile and non-volatile compounds from the integral juice of each variety planted in different rootstocks.

Mandarin essential oil as an antimicrobial in ethanolic fermentation: Effects on Limosilactobacillus fermentum and Saccharomyces cerevisiae

“…On the other hand, the relative percentage of linalool was different (1·85% in work reported by Marques) compared to that observed in the present study (3·8%; Table 1). In regard to the minor components, the differences between the results reported by Marques (2019) and the results of the present study were not substantially different.…”

“…Previously, Marques (2019) reported relative percentages for limonene (93·29%) and beta‐myrcene (1·48%) in the EO extracted from Fremont IAC 543 mandarins grafted on the same rootstock ( P. trifoliata ) similar to those observed in the present study. On the other hand, the relative percentage of linalool was different (1·85% in work reported by Marques) compared to that observed in the present study (3·8%; Table 1).…”

“…The EO from the Fremont IAC 543 mandarin grafted onto P. trifoliata was extracted using the hydrodistillation method. The EO yield was 0Á007 ml g -1 AE 0Á00012, which is higher than the yield reported by Marques (2019) under the same conditions of distillation (0Á005 ml g -1 ). The composition of the extracted mandarin EO was determined through GC-MS, which revealed 17 volatile compounds in the EO-one alcohol, four aldehydes, 11 monoterpenes and one unidentified compound (Fig.…”

Crescimento E Fitoquímica Das Folhas De Basella Alba, Uma Olerícola Não-Convencional, Em Diferentes Substratros

“…Por esses motivos, uma melhor produtividade está relacionada ao tipo de substrato e suas características nutricionais e, assim, muitas vezes são incorporados ao solo materiais orgânicos e inorgânicos, melhorando suas características químicas, físicas e biológicas. Os substratos, além de afetarem o desenvolvimento vegetativo das plantas, também interferem na produção de compostos secundários, tais como os polifenóis e outros compostos (MORAIS, 2009). Entretanto, nem sempre os melhores substratos estão à disposição dos produtores e, por esse motivo, é importante identificar matérias-primas adequadas e de fácil acesso para o cultivo de espécies de interesse.…”

Comparação dos compostos voláteis de duas espécies de guaco (Mikania glomerata Sprenguel e Mikania laevigata Sch.Bip. ex Baker) e os potenciais biológicos de seus óleos essenciais

“…componentes, como a genética da planta, seu estágio de desenvolvimento, época e horário da colheita, fontes geográficas, o modo de secagem do material vegetal e fatores ambientais, como umidade, água, solo e herbivoria(GOBBO-NETO;LOPES, 2007;MORAIS, 2009;CARDOSO;FERREIRA, 2013).Essa grande variação decorrente de estímulos ambientais, pode estar relacionada com a rota metabólica e ocasionar a biossíntese de diferentes compostos. Geralmente, esses fatores ambientais não atuam isoladamente, apresentando correlações entre si e atuando de maneira conjunta no metabolismo da planta(MORAIS, 2009). Haja visto que uma planta no campo sofre diferentes estímulos ao mesmo tempo, tendo que se modular de maneira rápida e eficiente.Em relação às variações ambientais no rendimento e composição de voláteis de M. laevigata e M. glomerata poucos trabalhos foram encontrados até o momento.…”