Influência de lagos artificiais no clima local e no clima urbano: estudo de caso em Presidente Epitácio (SP)

Abstract

In the last decades it has been subject of studies the changes urban environment and the climate variability that occur from interventions, especially as regards the formation of artificial lakes for hydroelectric plants. The anthropogenic transformation of a given physical space can cause variations in climatic attributes such as relative humidity and air temperature, among others. The objective of this research was to investigate the possible changes in local weather and climate in the city of Presidente Epitácio, located in the extreme west of São Paulo, due to the formation of an artificial lake to build the hydroelectric plant "Engenheiro Sérgio Motta" (Porto Primavera), using records of air temperature and relative humidity in a transect from the shore through the urban area to the surrounding rural environment, analyzing the temporal, spatial and hourly variables at different times of year (spring, summer, autumn and winter), as well as analysis of the deviations of air temperature and relative humidity between stations located near the lake in the intra-urban and rural areas. The study area is the city of Presidente Epitácio (SP) and the artificial lake was formed by damming the areas of the Paraná river on the border between the states of São Paulo and Mato Grosso do Sul. The region has tropical climate with wet summer and dry winter, recording maximum temperatures of 40°C and minimum 10°C in the rainy months from November to M arch with average annual rainfall of 1,200mm to 1,400mm and relative humidity of about 80%. For data collection conducted between September 2008 and September 2009, with thirty days in each season (spring, summer, autumn and winter), digital sensors for air temperature and relative humidity of the StowAway brand were used and installed in seven stations. The variation of air temperature between the positions of intra-urban area, of near de lake area and of the rural area it was verified that at times of increased energy production. During daytime differences of amplitudes decrease and increase at night due to the volume of energy produced during the day and dissipation of energy at night. Regarding the variation of relative humidity between the positions of intra-urban area, of near the lake and the rural area it was found that the amplitudes are larger during the night, being low during daytime. The the amplitudes are smaller hygrometric in the influence area of the lake and the rural area than in intra-urban area. We conclude that, although no significant values among the sites, the presence of the lake does not contribute to the increase of air temperature and relative humidity, but contributes to a better thermal and hygrometric balance.

Cases and distribution of visceral leishmaniasis in western São Paulo: A neglected disease in this region of Brazil

“…In the western region, the proliferation of vectors could be aggravated by the extensive watershed flowing into the Paraná and Paranapanema Rivers, supporting hydroelectric dams, bridges and artificial lakes [22][23][24][25][26]. Porto Primavera dam in Paraná River has an artificial lake with a flooded area of 2.250 km 2 and divides the municipalities of RNHA11mesoregion and MS.…”

“…Dividing São Paulo and Paraná state, the Paranapanema River flows on the border of ten municipalities with increasing rates of VL to the VL-free areas of Paraná state. Artificial lakes modify the climate of their surrounding areas as well as the environment within which the lake interacts [22][23][24][25][26]. In Presidente Epitacio, a city bordering the lake of Primavera dam, higher yearly temperatures rates of 23.93±3.06˚C (95% CI 22.54-25.32) were found compared with 22˚C in municipalities far from the lakes [23].…”

“…Artificial lakes modify the climate of their surrounding areas as well as the environment within which the lake interacts [22][23][24][25][26]. In Presidente Epitacio, a city bordering the lake of Primavera dam, higher yearly temperatures rates of 23.93±3.06˚C (95% CI 22.54-25.32) were found compared with 22˚C in municipalities far from the lakes [23]. The influence of artificial lakes of hydroelectric dams in Paranapanema River on the ecological aspects of the sand fly fauna in 3 different settings of an endemic area of CL in Paraná state was investigated.…”

Avaliação da ocorrência de ilha de calor urbana no município de Taubaté, SP

“…A partir dos resultados obtidos nas coletas de dados realizadas em julho de 2019, nos dias 18, 19 e 20 e em janeiro de 2020, nos dias 2, 3, 4, 5 e 9, contrastou-se a ocorrência de ICUs em ambas estações, com maior intensidade no mês de julho. Algo esperado, conforme verificado em trabalhos com a mesma metodologia (SILVA et al 2018;SUN et al 2011SUN et al e 2019DIHKAN et al 2018;FIALHO, 2009;AMORIM, 2005;SUN et al 2009;DORIGON, 2015e TAHA et al 2018) ou mesmo trabalhos que utilizaram metodologias diferentes como (SOUZA 2010;BARBOSA 2009;DORIGON 2015), entre outros, registraram Tar mais elevadas de acordo com o grau de urbanização em que a coleta foi realizada. Em Taubaté não foi diferente, pois em todos os percursos noturnos, as temperaturas do ar mais elevadas foram registradas em áreas mais urbanizadas.…”

“…Souza (2010) investigou a alterações no clima local e urbano sobre a influência de um lago artificial da represa de Porto Primavera na cidade de Presidente Epitácio, em São Paulo. O trabalho adotou a metodologia de coleta de dados em períodos de primavera, verão, outono e inverno.…”