BACKGROUND: As the older population increases, Alzheimer's disease and dementia cause substantial problems to healthcare systems worldwide, demanding efficient preventative and treatment measures. Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common form of dementia, affects approximately 50 million people worldwide. Interest in coconut oil as a potential dietary intervention has grown due to its high content of medium-chain triglycerides (MCTs), which are metabolized to ketone bodies and might serve as a substitute for glucose in the brain, sustain cognitive function, and possibly reduce the progression of Alzheimer’s disease.METHOD: Relevant research articles published between January 2015 and June 2023 were searched in the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Science Direct, Scopus, Google Scholar, and PubMed (MEDLINE) databases using multiple search strategies. Only studies on human subjects that assessed the impact of coconut oil and its bioactive components on cognitive function and dementia in patients with AD were included. Four publications met the eligibility criteria. The review was conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines. A meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the summary standard mean (SM) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The Forest Plot was generated using Review Manager 5.3 (RevMan 5.3).RESULTS: The analysis revealed that all studies showed consistent results regarding the effect of coconut oil on cognitive scores, with little variability in the true effects of coconut oil on cognitive scores across the studies included in the meta-analysis.CONCLUSION: We concluded that coconut oil improved cognitive scores in patients with Alzheimer's disease compared to those in the control group (p < 0.05). The results of this study add to the increasing amount of evidence indicating that medium-chain triglycerides (MCTs) found in coconut oil might be a way to improve abilities and potentially slow down the advancement of Alzheimer’s disease. The findings of this study could encourage the development of targeted dietary strategies and interventions for individuals at risk for or diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease.SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: The review protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42023450435).