Influencing External Factors for Small Arms Light Weapon Smuggling at Malaysia-Thailand Border

Dahari, Rafidah; Idris, Nor Azizan; Othman, Zarina

doi:10.5539/ass.v15n3p14

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…In Kelantan, Kedah and Perlis, there is smuggling of controlled and subsidized goods (such as oil and rice) and daily groceries, trading activities of ketum and firearms. Dahari et al (2019) stated that serious criminal cases involving small and light firearms such as shootings and mafia-style murders using firearms and explosions in public places which becoming more common at the Malaysia-Thailand border and is believed to be caused by the smuggling of small and light firearms.…”

Section: Malaysia-thailand Bordermentioning

confidence: 99%

Border Security Crisis in Malaysia and its Impact on the National Economy

Rahim,

Saad,

Moorthy

et al. 2023

BER

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Border security crisis is one of the important aspects in national security as it happened not only within the country but abroad, which affect the peace and well-being of the country, nation, people as well as national economy. This article will identify the extent to which the border security crisis in Malaysia affects the national economy. The study focuses on border security crises analysis that occur in countries bordering Malaysia namely Thailand, Indonesia, Brunei, Singapore, and the Philippines, which had an impact on the Malaysian economy. The study carried out via qualitative methods by referring to primary and secondary documents such as official reports, academic journals, and online news. The analysis found that border security crisis occurring at Malaysia border, which come from countries bordering Malaysia has both negative and positive effects on the country. It is negative when the country suffers a loss millions of ringgits, but positive in term of solving the labour shortage problem and increased sales of goods, also facilitate border communities. This shows the gains have balanced the losses that faced by the country and still under control. However, it requires the country initiative to ensure it can continuously equal.

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Section: Malaysia-thailand Bordermentioning

confidence: 99%

Border Security Crisis in Malaysia and its Impact on the National Economy

Rahim,

Saad,

Moorthy

et al. 2023

BER

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“…The Program of Action to Prevent, Combat, and Eradicate the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects (also known as the PoA) is an effort by the United Nations to tackle the illegal spread of weapons. This agreement has been ratified by several countries that are committed to carrying out several activities, including the destruction of excess arms stockpiles, DDR (Department of Disarmament Research) programs, support for the suspension of weapons, maintenance of accurate records of weapons manufacturers and owners, and the inclusion of civil society organizations as an effort to prevent the broader proliferation of SALW (Othman, 2019). Although this program (PoA) is not perfect and is still not legally binding, this is the most relevant advocacy tool for the illegal arms trade.…”

Section: Indonesia's Efforts In Preventing Illegal Firearms Trade (Sale)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Preventing The Illegal Trade of Smuggling Small Arms And Light Weapons (SALW) through UNPoA in Indonesia

Triwulandari

Antari

2021

yst

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<em>Action is needed to combat the illegal trade of Small Arms and Light Weapons (SALW) because transnational crime is not easy to commit. However, internal conflicts make Indonesia more vulnerable to firearms smuggling, considering its geographical conditions and weak supervision at the border. Consequently, the government cooperates with neighboring countries to maintain national integrity and safety. Also, the government is active in the international regime to deal with illegal trade of SALW through the United Nations Program of Action. This study is legal research by incorporating primary, secondary, and tertiary data. The results showed that Indonesia's position in the United Nations Program of Action helps prevent firearms smuggling and increase capacity-building assistance.Furthermore, the government collaborates with the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and amends and revises Law Number 8 of 1948 concerning Registration and Granting of Permits for the use of Firearms to prevent illegal trade of SALW. In the regional scope, similar collaboration is also conducted with Southeast countries. This is supported by implementing the PoA to Combat Transnational Crime by holding the ASEAN Ministerial Meeting on Transnational Crime (AMMTC). In the international scope, the United Nations Convention Against Transnational Crime and its three protocols were introduced to eradicate the illegal trade of SAWL.</em>

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“…Increased criminal activity near the Thailand-Malaysia border has raised concern with rampant firearms and drug smuggling activities. It is even noted that the increase in cross-border crime correlates with the rising national crime rate (Dahari & Othman, 2019). Therefore, in the interest of national security, all options must be studied to curb the issue at hand; let it be through hard power of deploying more boots on the ground, or through soft power in influencing the hearts and minds of the smugglers and locals affiliated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Application of Psychological Operation (PSYOP): A Case Study on The Siege of Sauk

Afkar

2022

MJSSH

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Psychological Operation (PSYOP) is a strategic effort aimed at persuading and manipulating attitudes and behaviours of a target audience. The nature of Psychological Operation inhibits scientific analyses of its capabilities and effectiveness, resulting in scepticism of PSYOPs ability to influence. The current study explores the development of persuasive arguments and effectiveness of security forces’ PSYOP engagement during the Al-Maunah hostage crisis in Sauk, Perak in the year 2000. Through an in-depth interview with a member of the operation, it was identified that security forces employed multiple influence tactics in order to persuade the enemy to surrender. This included exploiting the emotional impact of music, moral appeal through family pleas, and the manipulation of environmental conditions via harassing fire. The findings suggest that factors such as the identification and exploitation of the enemy’s vulnerabilities had contributed to a successful PSYOP. Though not without its flaws, the operation effectively destabilized the enemy and paved the way for a face-to-face negotiation, resulting in the enemy surrendering with minimal casualty. The research overall provides scientific evidence on the effectiveness of PSYOP when executed with sufficient psychological knowledge. The research has implications for understanding the mechanisms of a successful tactical Psychological Operation. This sets a precedent for security forces to evaluate past and future psychological engagements, allowing for a scientifically grounded assessment of Malaysia’s PSYOP capabilities. In general, the research has important implications for developing the general theory of persuasion and contributes to the overall hypothesis of PSYOP in its effectiveness of influencing a target audience.

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Influencing External Factors for Small Arms Light Weapon Smuggling at Malaysia-Thailand Border

Cited by 4 publications

References 4 publications

Border Security Crisis in Malaysia and its Impact on the National Economy

Border Security Crisis in Malaysia and its Impact on the National Economy

Preventing The Illegal Trade of Smuggling Small Arms And Light Weapons (SALW) through UNPoA in Indonesia

The Application of Psychological Operation (PSYOP): A Case Study on The Siege of Sauk

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