Influenza D Virus Circulation in Cattle and Swine, Luxembourg, 2012–2016

Snoeck, Chantal J.; Oliva, Joan; Pauly, Maude; Losch, Serge; Wildschutz, Félix; Muller, Claude P.; Hübschen, Judith M.; Ducatez, Mariette

doi:10.3201/eid2407.171937

Cited by 60 publications

(100 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…To our knowledge, this is the first report of identification of IDV in western Canada. IDV was initially identified in swine in the United States, and then was found to be prevalent in cattle of the United States, Luxembourg, Ireland, France, Japan and China (Flynn et al, ; Mekata et al, ; Snoeck et al, ; Su, Fu, Li, Kerlin, & Veit, ). IDV may be an emerging pathogen in Canadian cattle; or, on the other hand, the lack of Canadian reports before may be due to the unavailability of a diagnostic assay.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Respiratory viruses identified in western Canadian beef cattle by metagenomic sequencing and their association with bovine respiratory disease

Zhang

Hill

Fernando

et al. 2019

Transbound Emerg Dis

116

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Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) causes considerable economic losses in North America. The pathogenesis involves interactions between bacteria, viruses, environment and management factors. Primary viral infection can increase the risk of secondary fatal bacterial infection. The objective of this study was to use metagenomic sequencing to characterize the respiratory viromes of paired nasal swabs and tracheal washes from western Canadian feedlot cattle, with or without BRD. A total of 116 cattle (116 nasal swabs and 116 tracheal washes) were analysed. The presence of influenza D virus (IDV), bovine rhinitis A virus (BRAV), bovine rhinitis B virus (BRBV), bovine coronavirus (BCV) and bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) was associated with BRD. Agreement between identification of viruses in nasal swabs and tracheal washes was generally weak, indicating that sampling location may affect detection of infection. This study reported several viruses for the first time in Canada and provides a basis for further studies investigating candidate viruses important to the prevention of BRD.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Respiratory viruses identified in western Canadian beef cattle by metagenomic sequencing and their association with bovine respiratory disease

Zhang

Hill

Fernando

et al. 2019

Transbound Emerg Dis

116

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“…No efforts have been undertaken to gather knowledge on putative IBV and ICV infections in European swine although sporadic incidents had been reported in the past . IDV likewise was not a target of investigation programmes, with the exception of some IDV screening in Italian swine, showing a virus prevalence of 2% and a seroprevalence of 11.7%, and serological studies in Luxembourgian swine showing an increasing seroprevalence from 0 to 5.9% in the years 2012‐2015 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the low genetic homology and lack of antibody cross‐reactivity to ICV led to its designation as a new influenza virus type, tentatively named influenza D virus (IDV) . To this day, it was found in swine but more frequently in cattle showing mild respiratory disease suggesting cattle may be the domestic reservoir species for IDV . No human cases were discovered thus far though antibodies for IDV were found in people with close contact to cattle and swine, and in vitro studies demonstrated the ability of the virus to grow in human‐derived cells …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the light of the fact that most of the porcine IAV strains established in swine are of human origin, it is conceivable that this could also be possible for human IBV and ICV . Similar to IBV and ICV, there is no systematic monitoring of IDV in swine, although a few reports carried out in European countries revealed anecdotical presence of IDV in Luxemburg and Italy in swine with influenza‐like disease …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…27,28 To this day, it was found in swine but more frequently in cattle showing mild respiratory disease suggesting cattle may be the domestic reservoir species for IDV. [29][30][31] No human cases were discovered thus far though antibodies for IDV were found in people with close contact to cattle and swine, and in vitro studies demonstrated the ability of the virus to grow in human-derived cells. [32][33][34] In the wake of the H1N1pdm/2009 human pandemic, European surveillance projects for swine IAV revealed that four main IAV lineages were in circulation in domestic swine populations in Europe, one of which was of avian and three of human origin.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A newly developed tetraplex real‐time RT‐PCR for simultaneous screening of influenza virus types A, B, C and D

Henritzi

Hoffmann

Wacheck

et al. 2018

Influenza Resp Viruses

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BackgroundHuman‐ or avian‐to‐swine transmissions have founded several autonomously circulating influenza A virus (IAV) lineages in swine populations that cause economically important respiratory disease. Little is known on other human influenza virus types, like B (IBV) and C (ICV) in European swine, and of the recently detected novel animal influenza virus type D (IDV).ObjectivesDevelopment of a cost‐effective diagnostic tool for large‐scale surveillance programmes targeting all four influenza virus types.MethodsAn influenza ABCD tetraplex real‐time RT‐PCR (RT‐qPCR) was developed in the frame of this study. A selection of reference virus strains and more than 4000 porcine samples from a passive IAV surveillance programme in European swine with acute respiratory disease were examined.ResultsTwo IBV, a single IDV but no ICV infections were identified by tetraplex RT‐qPCR. IBV and IDV results were confirmed by conventional RT‐PCR and partial sequence analysis.ConclusionsThe tetraplex RT‐qPCR proved fit for purpose as a sensitive, specific and high‐throughput tool to study influenza virus transmission at the human‐animal interface. Complementing close‐meshed active virological and serological surveillance is required to better understand the true incidence and prevalence of influenza virus type B, C and D infections in swine.

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Detection of antibodies against influenza D virus in swine veterinarians in Italy in 2004

Trombetta

Montomoli

Bartolo

et al. 2021

Journal of Medical Virology

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Influenza D virus (IDV) was first isolated from a swine with respiratory disease symptoms in 2011 in the United States. Epidemiological and serological studies support the hypothesis that cattle represent the natural reservoir of IDV with periodical spillover events to other animal hosts. Little is known about the seroprevalence in humans and in specific target groups such as veterinarians in Italy. This study was designed to assess the prevalence of antibodies against two influenza D lineages (D/660 and D/OK) in Italy in archived serum samples from veterinarians working with swine collected in 2004. Serum samples were tested by haemagglutination inhibition (HI) and virus neutralization (VN) assays. Results showed that 4.88% (4/82) of tested samples were positive for D/660 and 2.44% (2/82) for D/OK by HI assay. Three out of four samples showed positivity when tested by VN

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Influenza D Virus Circulation in Cattle and Swine, Luxembourg, 2012–2016

Abstract: We detected antibodies against influenza D in 80.2% of the cattle sampled in Luxembourg in 2016, suggesting widespread virus circulation throughout the country. In swine, seroprevalence of influenza D was low but increased from 0% to 5.9% from 2012 to 2014–2015.

Cited by 60 publications

References 9 publications

Respiratory viruses identified in western Canadian beef cattle by metagenomic sequencing and their association with bovine respiratory disease

Respiratory viruses identified in western Canadian beef cattle by metagenomic sequencing and their association with bovine respiratory disease

A newly developed tetraplex real‐time RT‐PCR for simultaneous screening of influenza virus types A, B, C and D

Detection of antibodies against influenza D virus in swine veterinarians in Italy in 2004

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