Influenza in Children

Nayak, Jennifer L.; Hoy, Gregory; Gordon, Aubree

doi:10.1101/cshperspect.a038430

Cited by 38 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 150 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The high anti-head antibody signal that was observed after vaccination in children, in contrast to the low anti-stalk signal, can be explained by different reasons: 1) the head domain of the HA is the most immunogenic part of the HA protein, in contrast to the stalk, which appears to be less immunogenic; 2) antibodies against the stalk domain are generally difficult to be elicited by classical inactivated split and subunit influenza vaccines [50]; and 3) the influenza specific B-(and T-) cells repertoires in young children contain a greater frequency of naïve cells. However, adults have pre-existing populations of influenza-specific memory cells that can target conserved epitopes [51]. This last point seems to validate our results from adult subjects, where we observed a boost in both head and stalk responses after vaccination and a more heterogeneous scenario in comparison to children.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Influenza Anti-Stalk Antibodies: Development of a New Method for the Evaluation of the Immune Responses to Universal Vaccine

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Growing interest in universal influenza vaccines and novel administration routes has led to the development of alternative serological assays that are able to detect antibodies against conserved epitopes. We present a competitive ELISA method that is able to accurately determine the ratio of serum immunoglobulin G directed against the different domains of the hemagglutinin, the head and the stalk. Human serum samples were treated with two variants of the hemagglutinin protein from the A/California/7/2009 influenza virus. The signals detected were assigned to different groups of antibodies and presented as a ratio between head and stalk domains. A subset of selected sera was also tested by hemagglutination inhibition, single radial hemolysis, microneutralization, and enzyme-linked lectin assays. Pre-vaccination samples from adults showed a quite high presence of anti-stalk antibodies, and the results were substantially in line with those of the classical serological assays. By contrast, pre-vaccination samples from children did not present anti-stalk antibodies, and the majority of the anti-hemagglutinin antibodies that were detected after vaccination were directed against the head domain. The presented approach, when supported by further assays, can be used to assess the presence of specific anti-stalk antibodies and the potential boost of broadly protective antibodies, especially in the case of novel universal influenza vaccine approaches.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Influenza Anti-Stalk Antibodies: Development of a New Method for the Evaluation of the Immune Responses to Universal Vaccine

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Thanks to data that have accumulated in the last year, we now know that, although COVID‐19 initially affects the respiratory tract, it affects multiple organs and systems, causing a number of complications like MIS‐C 9‐11 . Influenza puts a significant disease burden on children worldwide through high hospitalization, morbidity, and mortality rates 12 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does Covid‐19 in children have a milder course than Influenza?

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background In December 2019, a novel type of coronavirus infection emerged in the Wuhan province of China and began to spread rapidly. In this study, we aimed to determine the differences between COVID‐19 disease and Influenza. Methods This retrospective study included 164 children with COVID‐19, as well as 46 children with Influenza. The two groups were compared with respect to clinical and laboratory parameters and the rates of intensive care and mechanical ventilation requirement. Results In both groups, the most common admission complaints were fever and cough. As compared to the COVID‐19 group, the Influenza group had significantly higher rates of cough (37 [80.4%] and 38 [23.2%]), fever (31 [67.4%] and 34 [20.7%]), muscle pain (34 [73.9%] and 31 [18.9%]), vomiting (13 [28.9%] and 8 [4.9%]) and tachypnea (32 [69.6%] and 3 [1.8%]) ( P < .01 for all comparisons). The mean WBC count (7.10 ± 1.08 vs. 10.90 ± 1.82), mean neutrophil count (3.19 ± 0.58 vs. 6.04 ± 0.97), APTT, CRP, procalcitonin, ALT, and LDH levels were significantly lower in the COVID‐19 group compared to the Influenza group ( P < .05 for all comparisons). There was, however, no significant difference between the mean lymphocyte counts of both groups. The Influenza group had significantly higher rates of intensive care requirement (19 [41.3%] vs. 3 [1.8%]) and mechanical ventilation requirement (16 [34.8%] vs. 2 [1.2%]) as well as a significantly higher mortality rate (7 [15.2%] vs. 2 [1.2%]) than the COVID‐19 group ( P < .01). Conclusion COVID‐19 and Influenza may share similar clinical features. According to our findings, however, we believe that COVID‐19 disease has a milder clinical and laboratory course than Influenza in children.

show abstract

“…Influenza is an acute respiratory infectious disease that causes three to five million cases of severe illness annually and 290,000–650,000 annual deaths globally [ 1 ]. In addition, influenza has high hospitalization rates, as well as substantial morbidity and mortality among children [ 2 ]. Influenza vaccination is currently considered the most economical and effective way to prevent this disease [ 3 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between risk perception and influenza vaccine hesitancy for children among reproductive women in China during the COVID-19 pandemic: a national online survey

Tao

Liu

2022

BMC Public Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background In China, the national prevalence of parental influenza vaccine hesitancy (IVH) during the pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and the association between risk perception and parental IVH are still unclear. We aimed to explore the association between risk perception and IVH for children among reproductive women in China, a poorly studied area. Methods From December 14, 2020, to January 31, 2021, we conducted a national anonymous online survey on IVH for children among reproductive women in China. We assessed risk perception including perceived susceptibility, severity, barriers, and benefits using the Health Belief Model and then classified each variable into three groups based on tertiles. Logistic regression models were used to calculate the adjusted odds ratio (aOR) of risk perception related to vaccine hesitancy after controlling for sociodemographic characteristics, health status, and knowledge of influenza, among other factors. Additionally, subgroup analysis was performed. Results Among 3,011 reproductive women, 9.13% reported IVH. In multivariable models, vaccine hesitancy was associated with low perceived susceptibility (aOR = 2.55, 95% CI: 1.79–3.65), higher perceived barriers (moderate: aOR = 1.47, 95% CI: 1.04–2.08; high: aOR = 2.20, 95% CI: 1.47–3.30), and low perceived benefit (moderate: aOR = 1.40, 95% CI: 1.03–1.92; low: aOR = 2.10, 95% CI: 1.43–3.07). Subgroup analysis showed that vaccine hesitancy was more likely to occur among women with high perceived barriers aged < 30 years compared with those older than 30 years (P for difference = 0.041) and among women with moderate perceived benefit who had never conceived compared with those had a history of pregnancy (P for difference = 0.048). Conclusions Nearly one in 10 reproductive women was hesitant about influenza vaccination for their children during the COVID-19 pandemic. To mitigate vaccine hesitancy, our findings highlight a need for tailored public health measures to increase perceived disease susceptibility and vaccine benefit and decrease perceived barriers. Furthermore, the effect of high perceived barriers and moderate perceived benefit on vaccine hesitancy was higher among younger women and women who had never conceived.

show abstract

Influenza in Children

Cited by 38 publications

References 150 publications

Influenza Anti-Stalk Antibodies: Development of a New Method for the Evaluation of the Immune Responses to Universal Vaccine

Influenza Anti-Stalk Antibodies: Development of a New Method for the Evaluation of the Immune Responses to Universal Vaccine

Does Covid‐19 in children have a milder course than Influenza?

Association between risk perception and influenza vaccine hesitancy for children among reproductive women in China during the COVID-19 pandemic: a national online survey

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About