2019
DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-1693497
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Influenza Infections and Emergent Viral Infections in Intensive Care Unit

Abstract: Critically ill patients are admitted to an intensive care unit (ICU) for multiple reasons. In this study, we aim to analyze the current evidence and findings associated with influenza and other emergent viral infections, namely, herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), and cytomegalovirus (CMV).Among medical conditions, community-acquired respiratory infections are the most frequent reason for ventilatory support in ICUs. Community-acquired pneumonia in a severe form including the need of… Show more

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Cited by 71 publications
(61 citation statements)
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“…43 Inflammation Viral pneumonia can activate innate immune response, increase the release of inflammatory mediators such as interleukin (IL)-1b, IL-8, C-reactive protein (CRP), and tumour necrosis factor alpha, and even induce systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and cytokine storm, thus leading to vital organ failure. 44,45 Recently, a growing number of studies suggest that inflammation plays an essential role in the occurrence, development, and prognosis of CVDs. In addition, the levels of CRP and other inflammatory cytokines in the circulation have become the new cardiovascular risk factors.…”
Section: Hypoxaemiamentioning
confidence: 99%
“…43 Inflammation Viral pneumonia can activate innate immune response, increase the release of inflammatory mediators such as interleukin (IL)-1b, IL-8, C-reactive protein (CRP), and tumour necrosis factor alpha, and even induce systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and cytokine storm, thus leading to vital organ failure. 44,45 Recently, a growing number of studies suggest that inflammation plays an essential role in the occurrence, development, and prognosis of CVDs. In addition, the levels of CRP and other inflammatory cytokines in the circulation have become the new cardiovascular risk factors.…”
Section: Hypoxaemiamentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Theoretically, viral infection could stimulate tremendous cytokine reactions, causing disorders in immune system. This kind of cytokine storm could also damage endothelial cells, trigger coagulation disorders, change microvascular permeability, induce tissue edema or even shock [1]. But patients in virus-detected group had higher APACHE II scores and TB value.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In the past, bacterial infection was considered to be the leading cause of community acquired pneumonia ( CAP ), and Streptococcus Pneumoniae accounted nearly half of the criminal pathogen. However, since the outbreak of In uenza A ( H1N1) in 2009, there was an increasing number of viral pneumonia cases admitted to ICU [1]. Studies on American adult or pediatric CAP patients who required hospitalization indicated that respiratory viral infection accounted for the largest proportion [2,3].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…There was lack of data about Coronavirus when the world was hit by pandemic where as influenza virus had been known to world for decades. [14,15] This lack of data slowed the initial response time and the world has yet to return to normal. H1N1 had a small incubation period of 1-4 days where as COVID-19's incubation period is 2-14 days.…”
Section: And Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%