Influenza vaccine‐induced acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis during pregnancy

Immune‐mediated adverse reactions to vaccines

“…41,42 EMM, unlike SJS/TEN, is recurrent in the absence of reexposure to the initial inciting event. 43 Other rare delayed cutaneous reactions potentially associated with vaccines have been reported (Table 2) and include acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis, 44,45 erythema nodosum, [46][47][48][49] granuloma annulare, 50 bullous pemphigoid, [51][52][53] Sweet's syndrome, [54][55][56][57][58][59] Gianotti-Crosti syndrome, 60 lichenoid eruptions, 46,50,61-66 cutaneous lupus, 46,67 lupus vulgaris [68][69][70] and serum sickness-like reactions. [71][72][73][74][75][76] Similar to vaccine associated EMM, the presence of an ongoing infection prior to both vaccination and the development of these cutaneous syndromes is frequently reported in these cases.…”

Etiopathological and clinical study of acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis: Experience from a tertiary care hospital in North India

“…AGEP secondary to influenza vaccine has been reported in a Japanese pregnant female. [ 27 ] The mechanisms of AGEP reactions in response to vaccination are not fully understood. It has been assumed that hyperimmunization and/or dysregulated cytokine production is responsible for AGEP reactions after vaccination rather than an allergic response.…”

“…It has been assumed that hyperimmunization and/or dysregulated cytokine production is responsible for AGEP reactions after vaccination rather than an allergic response. [ 27 ]…”

Three cases of vesiculobullous non‐IgE‐mediated cutaneous reactions to tozinameran (Pfizer‐BioNTech COVID‐19 vaccine)

“…5 Letters to the Editor More than 90% of cases of AGEP are drug-induced.. 6 A case series of childhood AGEP reported 2 cases of vaccine-related AGEP, 7 while a pregnant woman of 10-week gestation developed AGEP 1 day after influenza vaccination. 8 Tozinameran consists of lipid and mRNA nanoparticles. AGEP may be induced via the RNA molecule, lipid vehicle or the eventual proteins arising from the translation of RNA.…”