Influenza Virus Infections in Pregnant Mice

Siem, Robert A.; Ly, Hinh; Imagawa, David T.; Adams, John M.

doi:10.1097/00005072-196001000-00013

Cited by 17 publications

(14 citation statements)

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“…Although biological differences exist in placentation between mice and human [61], some early work in mouse models demonstrates that there is reason to believe that mechanisms impacting immunity in pregnancy are conserved. It has been demonstrated that infection during pregnancy impacts litter size and health [62]. Pregnant mice experience increased mortality that correlates with late-term pregnancy [63], analogous to observations in the final trimester of human pregnancy.…”

Section: Murine Models Of Influenza Infection During Pregnancymentioning

confidence: 86%

The influence of pregnancy on systemic immunity

et al. 2012

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Adaptations in maternal systemic immunity are presumed to be responsible for observed alterations in disease susceptibility and severity as pregnancy progresses. Epidemiological evidence as well as animal studies have shown that influenza infections are more severe during the second and third trimesters of pregnancy, resulting in greater morbidity and mortality, although the reason for this is still unclear. Our laboratory has taken advantage of 20 years of experience studying the murine immune response to respiratory viruses to address questions of altered immunity during pregnancy. With clinical studies and unique animal model systems, we are working to define the mechanisms responsible for altered immune responses to influenza infection during pregnancy and what roles hormones such as estrogen or progesterone play in these alterations.

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Section: Murine Models Of Influenza Infection During Pregnancymentioning

confidence: 86%

The influence of pregnancy on systemic immunity

et al. 2012

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“…It has been shown experimentally (Seim, Ly, Imagawa, and Adams, 1960) that one strain (the neurotropic strain) of the influenza A virus does not cross the placental barrier in mice, but that another strain of the same virus does so, but only in the third trimester. Clearly, the factors responsible for transplacental viral passage are largely unknown.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reported Influenza in Pregnancy and Subsequent Cancer in the Child

Fedrick¹,

Alberman²

1972

BMJ

105

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“…For safety and ethical reasons, these studies are conducted in a setting without viral challenge, and rely on observations made only after the onset of symptoms. Although earlier work has established that the increased mortality to influenza infection during pregnancy can be observed in mouse models [28][29][30][31], recent work has primarily focused on characterization of associated morbidities in lethal infections with little insight into how immunity is impacted early in infection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estrogen Mediates Innate and Adaptive Immune Alterations to Influenza Infection in Pregnant Mice

et al. 2012

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Pregnancy is a leading risk factor for severe complications during an influenza virus infection. Women infected during their second and third trimesters are at increased risk for severe cardiopulmonary complications, premature delivery, and death. Here, we establish a murine model of aerosolized influenza infection during pregnancy. We find significantly altered innate antiviral responses in pregnant mice, including decreased levels of IFN-β, IL-1α, and IFN-γ at early time points of infection. We also find reduced cytotoxic T cell activity and delayed viral clearance. We further demonstrate that pregnancy levels of the estrogen 17-β-estradiol are able to induce key anti-inflammatory phenotypes in immune responses to the virus independently of other hormones or pregnancy-related stressors. We conclude that elevated estrogen levels result in an attenuated anti-viral immune response, and that pregnancy-associated morbidities occur in the context of this anti-inflammatory phenotype.

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Influenza Virus Infections in Pregnant Mice

Cited by 17 publications

References 0 publications

The influence of pregnancy on systemic immunity

The influence of pregnancy on systemic immunity

Reported Influenza in Pregnancy and Subsequent Cancer in the Child

Estrogen Mediates Innate and Adaptive Immune Alterations to Influenza Infection in Pregnant Mice

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