Informal eldercare and care for disabled children in the Nordic countries: prevalence and relation to employment

Jakobsson, Niklas; Kotsadam, Andreas; Szebehely, Marta

doi:10.15845/njsr.v4i0.225

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Less than 5 percent of caregivers report that they work part-time or have quit work because of caregiving responsibilities (not shown). This is consistent with other analysis of the same data, which find no relationship between caregiving and the probability of being employed, work hours, and income (Kotsadam 2012; see also Jakobsson et al 2013). We explored in an ancillary analysis the other reasons for not working full-time, and failed to find significant differences by caregiver status.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 88%

Feeling the squeeze? The effects of combining work and informal caregiving on psychological well-being

Hansen¹,

Slagsvold²

2014

Eur J Ageing

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Does employment provide respite or add stress to caregivers? As a result of population aging and increasing female employment rates, growing numbers are facing the competing demands of paid work and caregiving. This study explores the effect of providing regular personal care by employment status on six dimensions of psychological well-being. We concentrate on partner and parent care recipients and differentiate between in-household and out-of-household caregiving. We use cross-sectional data from the Norwegian Life Course, Ageing and Generation study (n = 11,047, age 25-64). Results indicate that out-of-household caregiving has no significant relationship with men or women's well-being, irrespective of employment status. In-household caregiving, however, relates to lower psychological well-being, but only among women who do not work full-time. The advantages of fulltime employment to caregivers may be due to greater opportunity to achieve the full benefits that this role has to offer. There is little to suggest that combining work and caregiving harms well-being. In fact, a ''double burden'' seems to be experienced by women who combine extensive caregiving with limited employment.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 88%

Feeling the squeeze? The effects of combining work and informal caregiving on psychological well-being

Hansen¹,

Slagsvold²

2014

Eur J Ageing

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“…Even in Scandinavian countries with dense systems of support services, various effects on the association between informal care and employment were observed and interpreted with differences in the focus of care. In Sweden, more hours of formal home care were provided for persons with severe needs, and no detrimental effect on employment was found; by contrast, Denmark showed a larger overall amount of formal home care but less focus on people with severe needs (Jakobsson et al., ). In the Baltic countries, formal home care systems are still in their infancy; thus, they place considerable strain on care‐providing families and likely have a large effect on (female) employment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Rather, support simply takes different forms; traditionally, support has largely been designed as a benefit in kind or is directed towards the provider of informal care (see Table ). Benefits in kind should not be regarded as inferior support; in fact, a well‐developed system of formal care services has been identified as a key facilitator for reconciling employment and caregiving (Jakobsson et al., ; Kotsadam, ).…”

Section: Monetary Benefits Directed At Care Recipientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, the provision of informal care is more common in Denmark than in Sweden, but Swedish carers provide more care hours on average than Danish carers do. Therefore, the LTC system for older adults in Denmark has been characterised as being superior to the Swedish system in terms of defamilialisation (Jakobsson et al., ; Rauch, ).…”

Section: Monetary Benefits Directed At Care Recipientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, informal carers show higher rates of both family‐related and health‐related absences from work than non‐carers do (Zuba & Schneider, ). The intensity of care has been identified as the key factor to determine the labour market attachment of informal carers (Jakobsson, Kotsadam, & Szebehely, ; OECD, ; Simonazzi, ). Furthermore, cross‐country analyses have identified stronger ties between the provision of informal care and employment in central and southern Europe than in Scandinavian countries.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Differences and similarities in monetary benefits for informal care in old and new EU member states

Riedel

Kraus

2015

Int J Soc Welfare

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This article presents an overview of the monetary benefits available in the context of long‐term care provided by family or other informal carers in 11 old and 10 new EU member states. All but one country in our sample offer at least some monetary benefits that can be used to help finance informal care. Old EU member states tend to direct benefits to individuals in need of care, whereas new EU member states place more emphasis on benefits for carers. Among new EU member states, monetary benefits are less often means‐tested and tend to be lower compared with benefits in old EU member states. Because social policies in many countries increasingly rely on monetary benefits rather than on benefits in kind and because the share of informal care in the overall provision of elderly care will scarcely decline, monetary benefit incentives for labour market participation need to be carefully monitored.

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Caring too much? Lack of public services to older people reduces attendance at work among their children

Gautun

Bratt

2016

Eur J Ageing

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The need to provide care for older people can put a strain on their adult children, potentially interfering with their work attendance. We tested the hypothesis that public care for older people (nursing homes or home care services) would moderate the association between having an older parent in need of care and reduced work attendance among the adult children. The analysis used data from a survey of Norwegian employees aged 45–65 (N = 529). Institutional care for older people in need of care (i.e. nursing homes) was associated with improved work attendance among their children—their daughters in particular. Data also indicated a moderating effect: the link between the parents’ reduced health and reduced work attendance among the children was weaker if the parent lived in a nursing home. However, the results were very different for home-based care: data indicated no positive effects on adult children’s work attendance when parents received non-institutionalised care of this kind. Overall, the results suggest that extending public care service to older people can improve their children’s ability to combine work with care for parents. However, this effect seems to require the high level of care commonly provided by nursing homes. Thus, the current trend towards de-institutionalising care in Europe (and Norway in particular) might hamper work attendance among care-giving adult children, women in particular. Home care services to older people probably need to be extended if they are intended as a real alternative to institutional care.

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Informal eldercare and care for disabled children in the Nordic countries: prevalence and relation to employment

Abstract: In

Cited by 7 publications

References 33 publications

Feeling the squeeze? The effects of combining work and informal caregiving on psychological well-being

Feeling the squeeze? The effects of combining work and informal caregiving on psychological well-being

Differences and similarities in monetary benefits for informal care in old and new EU member states

Caring too much? Lack of public services to older people reduces attendance at work among their children

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