Informal networks as “global microstructures”: the case of German expatriates in Russia

Abstract

PurposeMultinational companies are considered “driving forces” of globalization and “prime movers” of global sociation. Yet the problems, conflicts, and contradictions in the implementation of global strategies at the micro level – as well as the real possibility that such implementation will fail – are virtually ignored in macro‐sociological studies. Hence, the purpose of this paper is to address this neglect by focusing on a micro level examination of the contribution of expatriates in their interactive role as facilitators and managers, and, their informal social networks.Design/methodology/approachThe interpretation of how global structures are concretely organized and sustained is based on case studies and interviews with German expatriates in Russia. The article examines two particular aspects: the contribution of expatriates in their interactive roles, on the one hand, and their informal social circles, on the other. The analytical framework draws on the concept of “global microstructures”.FindingsExpatriates must maneuver between the conflicts and contradictions that surface from the three‐way relationship between head office, branch office, and the market, and their respective local institutionalized pressures. It is argued that such conflicts and contradictions cannot be resolved within the formal structure of organizations and that, as a result, they are shifted to the level of interpersonal interaction or to informal networks. Global reach as well as microsocial foundations therefore characterize the expatriate's action system.Research limitations/implicationsSince the study is restricted to German expatriates in Russia, further comparative research is needed to sustain the findings for other institutional and cultural settings.Practical implicationsThe findings raise awareness both of the contradictory demands expatriates are confronted with in their everyday work as well as their unique resources. They could contribute to better management training and preparation for expatriates prior to their move abroad.Originality/valueThe paper presents a micro‐sociological view on how systemic integration is actually achieved through a globally stretched as well as locally specified network of interaction. It could be valuable for international strategy definition as well as for personnel managers, and future expatriates themselves.

Critical and mainstream international business research

“…Finally, the impacts of international business activities have also been studied by looking at actors that actively promote IB, such as expatriates, migrating professionals and the globally mobile middle class. These studies focus on problems of identity construction and the hardships of working abroad (Boussebaa and Morgan, 2008;Wagner and Vormbusch, 2010;Kosmala and Xian, 2011;Blazejewski, 2012;McCann, 2013;Moore, 2016;Santamaria Alvarez and Sliwa, 2016;Mielly et al, 2017;Fitzpatrick, 2017 as well as the papers found in the special issue entitled "Critical perspectives on the globally mobile professional and managerial class" edited by McKenna et al (2015; issue 2).…”