Informal Socialization Agencies and Role Development*

Rapoport, Tamar; Kahane, Reuven

doi:10.1111/j.1475-682x.1988.tb00254.x

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Moratorium refers to an institutionalized pattern of suspended obligations; that is, it provides an arena for trial and error within flexible boundaries, entailing a minimum of sanctions and allowing for temporary deviation from accepted norms (Erikson, 1955(Erikson, , 1963Rapoport, forthcoming;Rapoport & Kahane, 1988). Thus, a relation within a context high in moratorium allows the social actor to experiment with roles and identities before making a full commitment to accepted norms.…”

Section: Let's Read Togethermentioning

confidence: 96%

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Tutorial relations — The dynamics of social contract and personal trust

1989

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Section: Let's Read Togethermentioning

confidence: 96%

“…In an attempt to delineate the nature of informal tutoring, we introduce four structural dimensions of informal organizations: voluntarism, moratorium, symmetry, and multiplexity (for a model of informal organizations, see Kahane, 1975Kahane, , 1986Rapoport & Kahane, 1988).…”

Section: Informal Tutoring --Institutionalization Of the Encounter Bementioning

confidence: 99%

Tutorial relations — The dynamics of social contract and personal trust

1989

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“…Since he began his work in the 1960s, Reuven Kahane has been one of the most fertile researchers and writers in this field. His main objective has been to identify the concepts which define informality (Kahane 1964(Kahane , 1972(Kahane , 1974a(Kahane , 1974b(Kahane , 1974c(Kahane , 19744 1975(Kahane ,1981(Kahane ,1985(Kahane ,1986(Kahane ,1988(Kahane ,1997Kahane andRapoport 1990;Kahane and Siebzehner 1984;Kahane andStarr 1976a, 1976b;Rapoport and Kahane 1988;Rapoport et al 1989). Kahane does not believe that informal means unstructured.…”

Section: The Work Of Reuven Kahanementioning

confidence: 99%

A Structural Analysis of the R. Kahane Code of Informality: Elements toward a Theory of Informal Education

Cohen¹

2001

Sociological Inquiry

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Reuven Kahane's code of informality, which identifies and defines eight “internal structural components,” provides one of the few theoretical guides in the field of informal education. As a contribution to the development of a theoretical basis for empirical studies in this field, we wanted to uncover the underlying structural organization of these internal structural components. In a multidimensional analysis of Kahane's data, we found this structure of Kahane's eight components of informality along two axes. The first represents objects to which the structural components are applied: group, content, and activities. The second axis illustrates the components’expected impact–a process beginning with identification, moving through experimentation, and culminating in commitment. The process of experimentation represents a major contribution to the field on Kahane's part and is especially relevant to an understanding of education in a “postmodern” era. However, we found two gaps in the structure, possibly indicating missing components. Further analysis suggests that three of the components (modularity, pragmatic symbolism, and voluntarism) form a foundation of this structure and may be the minimal requirements for an understanding of informal activities and organizations.

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Gender-differential patterns of adolescent socialization in three arenas

Rapoport

1991

J Youth Adolescence

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The study examines gender-differential socialization within and across the three major socialization arenas during adolescence-the home, the school, and the informal youth association. The point of departure for this comparative analysis is Erikson's theory of institutionalized moratorium. Elaborating upon the sociological dimension of that theory, institutionalized moratorium is defined here as an open social arrangement that allows for free experimentation and temporary deviation within lenient-albeit normative-boundaries of social control. Accordingly, we delineate three structural components of socialization arenas-openness, control, and deviation-focusing upon the degree to which the levels of openness and control predict the level of deviation in each arena and for each gender. Data were obtained from self-reports of 220 Israeli adolescents who responded to a closed questionnaire designed to assess perceptions of socialization structure. The findings suggest that the deviation of boys is a stronger and more sensitive function of openness and control than that of girls. This gender difference is largest in the school and smallest in the youth movement. Beyond gender differences, the results indicate a common pattern of socialization underlying the three arenas; more specifically, deviation was found to be related to both openness and control. This pattern is most salient in the home and least salient in the youth movement.

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Informal Socialization Agencies and Role Development*

Cited by 5 publications

References 15 publications

Tutorial relations — The dynamics of social contract and personal trust

Tutorial relations — The dynamics of social contract and personal trust

A Structural Analysis of the R. Kahane Code of Informality: Elements toward a Theory of Informal Education

Gender-differential patterns of adolescent socialization in three arenas

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