Informant Questionnaire on Cognitive Decline in the Elderly (IQCODE) for the diagnosis of dementia within community dwelling populations

Quinn, Terence J.; Fearon, Patricia; Noel-Storr, Anna; Young, Camilla; McShane, Rupert; Stott, David J.

doi:10.1002/14651858.cd010079.pub2

Cited by 91 publications

(84 citation statements)

References 80 publications

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“…Items on everyday maths, personal finances, and reasoning were all derived from IQCODE, 26 and were previously found to have modest utility (AUC 0.85, 0.82, 0.82, respectively) in a case-control study in secondary care. 38 As a whole, the IQCODE is sensitive (0.80) and specific (0.84) for diagnosing dementia, 39 and functioning items have been found to be more discriminatory than memory items, 40 which is in keeping with the present results.…”

Section: Comparison With Existing Literaturesupporting

confidence: 90%

Clinical history for diagnosis of dementia in men: Caerphilly Prospective Study

Creavin¹,

Fish

Gallacher

et al. 2015

Br J Gen Pract

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Section: Comparison With Existing Literaturesupporting

confidence: 90%

Clinical history for diagnosis of dementia in men: Caerphilly Prospective Study

Creavin¹,

Fish

Gallacher

et al. 2015

Br J Gen Pract

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“…We offer a sensitive search strategy following best practice in conduct and reporting 58 and with multiple embedded internal and external validity checks. The review has limitations; our focused question excluded potentially informative articles, for example where screening tests are compared against each other.…”

Section: Strengths and Limitations Of Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Test Accuracy of Cognitive Screening Tests for Diagnosis of Dementia and Multidomain Cognitive Impairment in Stroke

Lees

Selvarajah

Fenton

et al. 2014

Stroke

166

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S troke-survivors are at particular risk of cognitive decline. Three month dementia prevalence is ≥30%, and even minor stroke events have cognitive sequel.1,2 Poststroke cognitive impairment is associated with increased mortality, disability, and institutionalization. 3 The importance of cognitive change is highlighted by stroke-survivors themselves. In a national priority setting exercise, cognitive impairment was voted the single most important topic for stroke research. 4 A first step in management of cognitive problems is recognition and diagnosis. Informal clinician assessment will miss important cognitive problems, 5 and formal cognitive testing is recommended. [6][7][8] The ideal would be expert, multidisciplinary assessment informed by comprehensive investigations. This approach is not feasible at a population level. In practice, a 2-step system is adopted, with baseline cognitive testing used for screening or triage and specialist assessment to define the cognitive problem offered depending on the results.Although there is general agreement on the merits of poststroke cognitive assessment, there is no consensus on a preferred testing strategy. [6][7][8] Various cognitive screening tools are available with substantial variation in test used. 9,10 The clinical meaning of cognitive problems after stroke will vary according to test context. Cognitive impairment diagnosed in the first days post stroke may reflect a mix of delirium, strokespecific impairments, and prestroke cognitive decline. 2,11,12 In the longer term, assessments aim to make or refute a dementia diagnosis. Common to all test situations is a final diagnosis of presence/absence of clinically important impairments. A screening assessment should detect this clinical syndrome of all-cause, poststroke multidomain cognitive impairment.Background and Purpose-Guidelines recommend screening stroke-survivors for cognitive impairments. We sought to collate published data on test accuracy of cognitive screening tools. Methods-Index test was any direct, cognitive screening assessment compared against reference standard diagnosis of (undifferentiated) multidomain cognitive impairment/dementia. We used a sensitive search statement to search multiple, crossdisciplinary databases from inception to January 2014. Titles, abstracts, and articles were screened by independent researchers. We described risk of bias using Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies tool and reporting quality using Standards for Reporting of Diagnostic Accuracy guidance. Where data allowed, we pooled test accuracy using bivariate methods. Results-From 19 182 titles, we reviewed 241 articles, 35 suitable for inclusion. There was substantial heterogeneity: 25 differing screening tests; differing stroke settings (acute stroke, n=11 articles), and reference standards used (neuropsychological battery, n=21 articles). One article was graded low risk of bias; common issues were case-control methodology (n=7 articles) and missing data (n=22 Lees et al Cognitive Screening in S...

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“…They are short, standardised and offer a method of describing function when the patient may be too unwell for direct assessment. Informant tools have reasonable test accuracy for detection of dementia in community and memory clinic settings 16 and by using the informant's perception of cognitive and functional change these tools are less prone to cultural biases seen with other tests. However, to date there has been no validated assessment of their performance for the detection of pre-stroke dementia.…”

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confidence: 99%