“…The data collection tool was a self-administered questionnaire because it enabled collecting data from a large number of respondents. The independent variables of tangible resources was measured in terms of ICTs teaching facilities (Akbulut et al, 2007;Schreurs, 2007), access to ICT (Akbulut et al, 2007;Mugizi & Amwine, 2020; university ICT implementation policy (Akbulut et al, 2007;Ngololo et a., 2012;Isaacs et al, 2018), and libraries e-resources (Anyim, 2018). E-learning effective implementation was measured in terms of student-student, student-teacher and student-content e-interaction (Downer et al, 2015;Malinovski et al, 2012;Yılmaz & Karataş, 2018).…”