2019
DOI: 10.1007/s11229-019-02108-w
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Information elaboration and epistemic effects of diversity

Abstract: We suggest that philosophical accounts of epistemic effects of diversity have given insufficient attention to the relationship between demographic diversity and information elaboration (IE), the process whereby knowledge dispersed in a group is elicited and examined. We propose an analysis of IE that clarifies hypotheses proposed in the empirical literature and their relationship to philosophical accounts of diversity effects. Philosophical accounts have largely overlooked the possibility that demographic dive… Show more

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Cited by 19 publications
(23 citation statements)
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References 84 publications
(157 reference statements)
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“…Consider first that, in many allocative contexts, taskrelated utility and fairness are not the only desiderata. For example, in hiring contexts, diversity within the workforce is intrinsically valuable, both due to its potential to enhance team performance and on moral and political grounds [47,59]. While recent work in fair ML has begun to consider the interaction between diversity, utility and fairness [14,21], most analyses remain restricted to static settings, focused on individual decision-makers, neglecting the interactions among their decisions and those of their peers and the influence of dynamic factors, such as incentive effects, on long-term policy consequences.…”
Section: Beyond Narrow Assessments Of Fairness: Diversity and Integrationmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Consider first that, in many allocative contexts, taskrelated utility and fairness are not the only desiderata. For example, in hiring contexts, diversity within the workforce is intrinsically valuable, both due to its potential to enhance team performance and on moral and political grounds [47,59]. While recent work in fair ML has begun to consider the interaction between diversity, utility and fairness [14,21], most analyses remain restricted to static settings, focused on individual decision-makers, neglecting the interactions among their decisions and those of their peers and the influence of dynamic factors, such as incentive effects, on long-term policy consequences.…”
Section: Beyond Narrow Assessments Of Fairness: Diversity and Integrationmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Consequently, a focus on conditional BCD proposals can result in overlooking mechanisms whereby diversity can produce epistemic benefits (cf. Steel et al 2019). More generally, the “win-win” perspective of equity and epistemic benefits of diversity as inherently mutually supporting obscures equity concerns that may arise from garnering benefits from diversity.…”
Section: Diversity Benefits Can Arise From Inequitiesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…En effet, la participation de publics non scientifiques à la production des savoirs a pour conséquence d'introduire une variété d'intérêts cognitifs et non cognitifs (pensons, par exemple, aux publics mobilisés pour résoudre des problèmes qui les affectent, en biomédecine ou en sciences de l'environnement), mais également une pluralité de perspectives, de « points de vue » sur le monde social et naturel. Or, cette question du rôle de la diversité dans la production des connaissances s'est imposée ces dernières décennies comme centrale pour la philosophie des sciences (Steel et al 2019). Elle regroupe plusieurs dimensions : diversité des valeurs, diversité des intérêts (sociaux et économiques), diversité démographique (ethnie, sexe, genre, position socio-économique…).…”
Section: Participation Et Diversité(s) : Enjeux éPistémologiquesunclassified
“…Cependant, de manière quelque peu paradoxale, plusieurs auteurs ont également pu souligner qu'une telle prolifération d'avis et d'expertise portés par des groupes n'étant pas neutres vis-à-vis de l'objet de recherche en question peut être contre-productive d'un point de vue politique. C'est en particulier le cas dans les sciences de l'environnement (Sarewitz 2000(Sarewitz , 2004, où la prolifération de savoirs parfois contradictoires portant sur des dimensions distinctes des controverses environnementales (parmi elles, la question du réchauffement climatique) peut avoir un effet paralysant sur la prise de décision publique. Dans une perspective plus directement épistémologique, la production participative des connaissances sur des sujets controversés peut également avoir des conséquences négatives sur le savoir produit.…”
Section: Sciences Participa-tives : Enjeux éPisté-mologiquesunclassified
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