Information processing during eye tracking as revealed by event-related potentials in schizophrenics, alcoholics, and healthy controls

Kathmann, Norbert; Wagner, Michael; Rendtorff, Nicola; Schöchlin, C.; Engel, Rolf R.

doi:10.1016/0920-9964(94)00066-h

Cited by 22 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Our finding that the P 300 latency is significantly prolonged in detoxified, chronic alcohol-dependent patients is in agreement with previous studies [38,41]. Although a reduced P 300 amplitude has frequently been described in short-term abstinent alcoholic patients [28,[37][38][39][40], the present study was unable to find significant changes in P 300 amplitude.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

“…In most studies [28,[37][38][39][40], except one [41], detoxified chronic alcohol-dependent patients generally showed a decrement in their late positive component of the ERPs. The P 300 latency is delayed in abstinent chronic alcoholic patients [38,41]. Keenan et al [24] have shown that P 300 waves were unaffected by sobriety length or drinking history.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Prolonged P<sub>300</sub> Latency in Recently Detoxified Alcohol-Dependent Patients Is Related to Activation of the Inflammatory Response System

Maes

West

Nuyten³

et al. 2001

Neuropsychobiology

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The aims of this study were to examine the late components of the auditory event-related potentials (AERPs), i.e. N₁₀₀, P₂₀₀ and P₃₀₀, in recently detoxified alcohol-dependent patients compared to normal controls and to investigate whether there is a relationship between alterations in these AERPs and signs of activation of the inflammatory response system (IRS). The study subjects consisted of 14 healthy volunteers and 14 recently detoxified alcohol-dependent patients. All subjects performed a two-tone auditory discrimination task, using a standard ‘oddball’ paradigm. The alcohol-dependent patients had their blood sampled to examine IRS markers, such as erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), serum copper concentrations and the number of leukocytes. The P₃₀₀ latency was significantly greater in recently detoxified alcohol-dependent patients than in normal controls. There were significant correlations between the P₃₀₀ latency and the ESR (r = 0.84, p = 0.009), serum copper concentrations (r = 0.73, p = 0.01) and number of monocytes (r = 0.71, p = 0.006). It is concluded that the P₃₀₀ latency is prolonged in detoxified, chronic alcohol-dependent patients and is positively related to indicators of IRS activation. It is hypothesized that activation of the IRS may play a role in the delayed P₃₀₀ latency in recently detoxified, alcohol-dependent patients.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Prolonged P<sub>300</sub> Latency in Recently Detoxified Alcohol-Dependent Patients Is Related to Activation of the Inflammatory Response System

Maes

West

Nuyten³

et al. 2001

Neuropsychobiology

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“…These regions also have reciprocal connections with prefrontal regions such as ACG and DLPFC (82–85). Perhaps top down control of early sensory areas are compromised during stimulus evaluation (86,87) and response preparation (88,89) among the schizophrenia groups. For instance, disruption of DLPFC and/or ACG-related top-down control signals may compromise evaluative processes involved in determining whether greater executive control is needed for proper task performance (e.g., 90,91) and/or disruption of DLPFC may impair appropriate saccade generation or inhibition (e.g., 84).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Common Neural Circuitry Supporting Volitional Saccades and Its Disruption in Schizophrenia Patients and Relatives

Camchong

Dyckman

Austin

et al. 2008

Biological Psychiatry

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BACKGROUND People with schizophrenia and their biological relatives have deficits in executive control processes such as inhibition and working memory as evidenced by performance abnormalities on antisaccade (AS) and ocular motor delayed response (ODR) tasks. METHODS The present functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study was conducted to investigate brain activity associated with these putative indices of schizophrenia risk by (i) directly comparing neural functioning in 15 schizophrenia patients, 13 of their first-degree biological relatives (primarily siblings), and 14 healthy participants, and (ii) assessing executive function associated with volitional saccades by using a combination of AS and ODR tasks. RESULTS Behavioral data showed that patients and relatives both made more volitional saccade errors. Imaging data demonstrated that within the context of preserved activity in some neural regions in patients and relatives, there were two distinct patterns of disruptions in other regions. First, there were deficits observed only in the schizophrenia group (decreased activity in lateral FEF and SEF), suggesting a change associated with disease manifestation. Second, there were deficits observed in both patients and relatives (decreased activity in middle occipital gyrus, insula, cuneus, anterior cingulate, and BA10 in prefrontal cortex), indicating a potential association with disease risk. CONCLUSIONS Results indicate that decreased brain activation in regions involved in managing and evaluating early sensory and attention processing may be associated with poor volitional saccade control and risk for developing schizophrenia.

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“…However, this finding is not specific, since it has been demonstrated that low amplitudes are also present in depression (9,14), dementia (15,16), alcoholism (17), personality disorders (18,19), post-traumatic stress disorder (20) and obsessive-compulsive disorder (21,22). Furthermore, the amplitude reductions were not present in all schizophrenic groups investigated (23)(24)(25) and, although statistically significant, the differences were small, with a large overlap between schizophrenics and controls to our knowledge in all published studies. A further interesting finding, first published in 1983, was a pathologically asymmetrical distribution of the brain electrical field in multichannel recordings.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Distinct neurophysiological mechanisms for manic and cycloid psychoses: evidence from a P300 study on manic patients

Strik

Ruchsow

Abele

et al. 1998

Acta Psychiatr Scand

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Pathologically asymmetrical P300 fields with right lateralized peaks were described in core schizophrenia as an expression of left-temporal functional deficits, while higher than normal amplitudes were found in cycloid psychosis. This latter finding appeared to be specific for cycloid psychosis and was explained by a generalized cerebral hyperarousal. Based on some psychopathological analogies with cycloid psychosis, and on the comparable pharmacological treatment of the acute episodes, a group of 19 manic patients was investigated immediately after remission and clinical stabilization of an episode. Patients with psychotic features were excluded to avoid overlaps with cycloid psychosis. Patients showed normal P300 amplitudes and no pathological asymmetries of the field, but more posterior positive areas compared to age- and sex-matched controls. This indicates that the neurophysiological changes underlying mania are different from both core schizophrenia and cycloid psychosis. Based on previous three-dimensional source location studies, this finding indicates that disinhibition due to reduced frontal lobe activity, and not hyperarousal, is the basic functional mechanism of manic disorders.

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Information processing during eye tracking as revealed by event-related potentials in schizophrenics, alcoholics, and healthy controls

Cited by 22 publications

References 47 publications

The Prolonged P<sub>300</sub> Latency in Recently Detoxified Alcohol-Dependent Patients Is Related to Activation of the Inflammatory Response System

The Prolonged P<sub>300</sub> Latency in Recently Detoxified Alcohol-Dependent Patients Is Related to Activation of the Inflammatory Response System

Common Neural Circuitry Supporting Volitional Saccades and Its Disruption in Schizophrenia Patients and Relatives

Distinct neurophysiological mechanisms for manic and cycloid psychoses: evidence from a P300 study on manic patients

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