Information Services in the U.S. Economy: Value, Jobs, and Management Implications

Apte, Uday; Karmarkar, Uday S.; Nath, Hiranya K.

doi:10.2307/41166443

Cited by 48 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Autor, Levy & Murnane (Autor et al, 2003;Levy & Murnane, 2005;Autor, 2010) analyzed a range of labor tasks in the workplace. They found that, commencing in the 1970s, manual tasks in the US economy declined, reflecting the macroeconomic shifts away from manufacturing described by Karmarkar & Apte (Karmarkar & Apte, 2007;Apte et al, 2008). Interestingly, the Autor et al studies also found a drop in routine cognitive tasks -such as maintaining expense reports, filing insurance claims, and evaluating mortgage applications.…”

Section: Labor Market Trends: Need For a Different Skill Setmentioning

confidence: 89%

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ICT, Education Transformation, and Economic Development: An Analysis of the US National Educational Technology Plan

Kozma¹

2011

E-Learning and Digital Media

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In support of the conclusions and recommendations in the National Education Technology Plan (NETP), this article makes explicit the connections between the economic rationale used in the plan and the educational transformations it recommends. The article reviews macroeconomic research, microeconomic research, labor market and workforce studies, and studies showing patterns of the everyday information communication technology (ICT) use in American life to document the profound changes occurring in the American economy and society. It also reviews studies showing a gap between what is happening in American schools and the experiences and skills that our youth need to enter the information economy. The article concludes with an analysis of and an elaboration on the transformational recommendations made in the NETP, based on these reviews.In March 2010, the US Department of Education (Office of Educational Technology, 2010) released a draft of the National Educational Technology Plan (NETP) to advance the educational reform goals of the Obama administration. An explicit premise of the NETP, and of the Administration's educational goals more generally, is that 'education is the key to economic growth and prosperity and to our ability to compete in the global economy' and that education 'is the path to good jobs and higher earning power for Americans ' (p. v).Citing this economic rationale, the NETP calls for a transformation of American education. With a backdrop of high unemployment and the worst recession since the Great Depression, the economic rationale has a particular saliency and the call a particular urgency. The plan goes on to review research literature in education and the learning sciences and it makes recommendations for the use of technology to support the transformation of the US education system. Information communication technology (ICT) recommendations are made about the availability and access of all teachers and students to broadband connectivity, Internet devices, software, and digital resources for research, communication, content creation, and collaboration. But the plan does not limit itself to infrastructure considerations. A particular strength of the NETP is that infrastructure recommendations are made as part of a constellation of coordinated recommendations related to other components of the education system, such as curriculum, pedagogical practices, assessment, teacher professional development, and school organization.In support of the conclusions and recommendations in the NETP, this article makes explicit the connections between the economic rationale used and the transformations recommended by the plan. It reviews a different body of research than that cited by the NETP to describe the tectonic shifts occurring in the US economy and society -much of it propelled by advances in ICT -and to elaborate on the growing gap between the processes and outcomes of our current education system and the requirements of the nation's economy and society. As the plan contends, there is an u...

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Section: Labor Market Trends: Need For a Different Skill Setmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…Karmarkar & Apte (Karmarkar & Apte, 2007;Apte et al, 2008) figured that by 1997, the production of information products and the provision of information services accounted for 63% of the country's output. Information services alone accounted for 56% of the economy.…”

Section: Macroeconomic Trends: Shifting From Manufacturing To Informamentioning

confidence: 99%

ICT, Education Transformation, and Economic Development: An Analysis of the US National Educational Technology Plan

Kozma¹

2011

E-Learning and Digital Media

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“…Whereas one aspect of globalization relates to outward mobility of work to foreign workers at remote locations as reflected in outsourcing or offshoring of business processes and services (Apte et al 2008, Carmel and Agarwal 2002, DiRomulado and Gurbaxani 1998, Han et al 2010, Lacity et al 2003, Mithas 2008, Mithas and Whitaker 2007, Ramasubbu et al 2008b, Rottman and Lacity 2004), yet another aspect of globalization relates to the inward mobility of foreign workers who are immigrants or on a work visa. The United States admits more than one million immigrants every year, and although a large percentage of these workers have significantly lower skills than native workers (Borjas 2001), some immigrant workers, particularly from Europe and Asia, are highly skilled.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Are Foreign IT Workers Cheaper? U.S. Visa Policies and Compensation of Information Technology Professionals

2010

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T he use of H-1B and other work visas to hire foreign information technology (IT) professionals in the UnitedStates has attracted significant controversy and policy debates. On one hand, hiring high-skill foreign IT professionals on work visas can be advantageous for U.S. firms and the overall economy. On the other hand, high-skill immigration can adversely impact the wages of foreign and American IT professionals. This study uses data on skills and compensation of more than 50,000 IT professionals in the United States over the period [2000][2001][2002][2003][2004][2005] to study patterns in compensation of foreign and American IT professionals to inform these debates. Contrary to the popular belief that foreign workers are a cheap source of labor for U.S. firms, we find that after controlling for their human capital attributes, foreign IT professionals (those without U.S. citizenship and those with H-1B or other work visas) earn a salary premium when compared with IT professionals with U.S. citizenship. The salary premiums for non-U.S. citizens and for those on work visas fluctuate in response to supply shocks created by the annual caps on new H-1B visas. Setting lower and fully utilized annual caps results in higher salary premiums for non-U.S. citizens and those with work visas. We discuss implications of this study for crafting informed visa-and immigration-related policies by the U.S. government, for staffing practices of firms, and for human capital investments by IT professionals.

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“…Machlup, 1962Machlup, , 1980Porat, 1977;Karunaratne, 1986;Apte & Nath, 2004;Apte et al, 2008;2012;Wolff, 2005;Nath, 2009;2011). To remedy that gap, the present paper offers preliminary results from the first ever identification of the Swedish information economy, which shows that Sweden is presently indeed dominated by its information economy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Swedish Information Economy : A preliminary account

Pashkevich

Haftor

Pashkevich

2017

Dilemmas 2015 Papers From the 18th Annual International Conference Dilemmas for Human Services: Organizing, Designing and Manag

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The recent developments and adoptions of digital technologies give rise to the growth of information economies, understood as an aggregate of economic activities that produce informational outputs. Several key characteristics of an information economy differ to the conventional economic wisdom derived from the industrial age, which may impose governmental policy implications and therefore constitutes a key question: how to govern the newly emerged information economy with the thinking of the industrial age economy. Resolving this problem requires, among others, comprehensive understanding of information economies. To that end, Sweden is among the most advanced adopters of digital technologies and represents therefore a suitable empirical base for the investigation of an information economy. This paper offers preliminary results from a first ever account of the Swedish information economy in terms of its value created, jobs and wages; this account shows that the Swedish economy is dominated by its information economy, which requires a careful attention of policy makers.

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Information Services in the U.S. Economy: Value, Jobs, and Management Implications

Cited by 48 publications

References 10 publications

ICT, Education Transformation, and Economic Development: An Analysis of the US National Educational Technology Plan

ICT, Education Transformation, and Economic Development: An Analysis of the US National Educational Technology Plan

Are Foreign IT Workers Cheaper? U.S. Visa Policies and Compensation of Information Technology Professionals

Swedish Information Economy : A preliminary account

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