“…In supply chain context, modularity has been utilized in several ways. Examples include the integration of a modularity metric to understand collaboration network structure and information sharing across supply chains [ 68 , 69 ], to forecast the credit risk of participants who are collaborating in a financial network [ 70 ], to assess the level of differentiation in the structure of a network's stability [ 71 ], and to characterize supply chain resilience in terms of innovative capacity and adaptive capacity [ 47 , 51 , 53 ].…”