Informing Evidence: Claimsmaking in Midwives’ and Clients’ Talk About Interventions

McKenzie, Pamela J.; Oliphant, Tami

doi:10.1177/1049732309355591

Cited by 12 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…First, each author read the entire corpus and individually identified instances in which the bloggers discussed information sources [21]. In effect, the authors looked for the lay equivalent of citations in scholarly writing.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cognitive authority is operationalized as to the extent to which users think that they can trust the information'' [18]. More recently, LIS researchers have adopted new approaches to the study of authority that consider not the cognitive processes by which an individual makes decisions about an information source, but the social practices whereby a community collaboratively negotiates what counts as an authoritative information source [19][20][21]. Depression patients were found to rely on a wide range of resources, while using personal, experiential knowledge as confirmation of treatment effectiveness [20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Putting the pieces together: endometriosis blogs, cognitive authority, and collaborative information behavior

Neal¹,

McKenzie²

2011

J Med Libr Assoc

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. She can be reached by email at dneal2uwo.ca H ow do we know when to trust online health information? Recently, a gynecologist's newspaper column asserted that endometriosis, a disease that primarily affects women, could be diagnosed by an inoffice exam and that ovarian cysts could be diagnosed by an ultrasound. These claims are not true; these conditions can only be diagnosed through a surgical procedure. After being informed about the article through social networking outlets, many outraged endometriosis patients -including meposted comments online in reply to the doctor's article (until the newspaper swiftly closed the comments) and wrote letters to the editor. They published one letter to the editor: mine. Lay endometriosis bloggers announced my letter's publication on their blogs, declaring a small but significant victory in the battle against endometriosis information, and other patients also reveled in the celebration by commenting on the blog posts. Inexperienced in this form of activism, I asked a blogger why she thought my letter was published, but not anybody else's. I thought perhaps they chose it because the column was published in a Canadian newspaper, and I live in Canada. She said she thought it was because I had a PhD, which added authority to my correction. We will never know for sure why the editors chose my letter, but something about it must have captured their attention.In my role as a library and information science professor, I am currently involved in research related to issues surrounding authority and consumer health information, but this personal experience brought the issue to life for me. We can find various interplays of authority in the example. First, the gynecologist (a presumed expert in female diseases) provided incorrect information. Thanks to social networking's ability to link people who suffer from the same health conditions, patients collectively corrected him. Clearly, the traditional model of the patient relying on the expert is not in effect here; instead, the educated patient is correcting the expert. As informed patients, we worried that the doctor's misinformation could further delay undiagnosed endometriosis patients receiving diagnosis and subsequent treatment, especially since the average time from presentation of symptoms to diagnosis is approximately 10 years. From a formal education standpoint, my information science doctorate should be somewhat meaningless for inferring my authority to determine whether the gynecologist was inaccurate, but it might have played a role in publishing my letter.This experience exemplifies how the traditional lines of authority are blurring and possibly occasionally reversing in the domain of online consumer health information. More examples are created every day as people go online to research medical conditions affecting themselves and their loved ones, compare experiences with fellow patients and caregivers and share their stories. On the other hand, reputable medical professionals have told me that they are frustrated wit...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Putting the pieces together: endometriosis blogs, cognitive authority, and collaborative information behavior

Neal¹,

McKenzie²

2011

J Med Libr Assoc

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“…At the same time an increasing use of CAM is observed in Scandinavia (Hanssen et al, 2005;Kimby et al, 2003;Molassiotis et al, 2006). The flexible use of various sources of knowledge can afford modern health care users considerable latitude in accepting or rejecting forms of evidence as authoritative and trustworthy (McKenzie & Oliphant, 2010;Rowe & Calnan, 2006). Fox and Ward (2006) have argued that the constellation of health identities around lay experiential models of health and the body can be understood as reflecting the diversity of relationships in a technology-driven, consumer-oriented and media-saturated society.…”

Section: Lay Knowledge Versus Medical (Expert) Knowledgementioning

confidence: 99%

Modes of Embodiment in Breast Cancer Patients Using Complementary and Alternative Medicine

2012

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3 AbstractBreast cancer patients are frequent users of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM). They often have complex reasons for, and experiences from, their use of CAM.Bodily experiences are important and almost unexplored elements in CAM use. Our aim was to explore the meaning and importance of bodily experiences among breast cancer patients who were using CAM as a supplement or an alternative to conventional treatment (CT). Our findings based on qualitative interviews with 13 women suggest that bodily experiences were particularly important when positioned outside conventional health care prior to medical diagnosis and as user of CAM as alternative to CT. We introduce three central modes of embodiment related to CAM use: the right to one"s body, the body used as a gauge, and the body used as a guide. Patients" positioning between treatment systems should be further explored from a bodily perspective to safeguard and optimize patients" treatment choices. Keywordscancer, breast; embodiment/bodily experiences; health care, alternative and complementary; illness and disease, experiences; knowledge construction; safety, patient 4The most common cancer worldwide is breast cancer, representing 16% of all cancer diagnoses in women (World Health Organization, 2008). Breast cancer patients experience many physical and psycho-social challenges during their breast cancer continuum (Arman, Rehnsfeldt, Lindholm, Hamrin, & Eriksson, 2004;Bredin, 1999;Carter, 1993;Thomas-MacLean, 2004), and an increasing number of breast cancer patients in Western countries choose to use complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) to strengthen their health and well-being (Boon, Olatunde, & Zick, 2007;Kremser et al., 2008; Lengacher et al., 2002;Molassiotis et al., 2006;Nahleh & Tabbara, 2003). An international review revealed that the prevalence of CAM use varied between 63 % and 83 % among breast cancer patients using at least one type of CAM (Di Gianni et al., 2002).There is, however, a great variation in these rates, depending on the definition of CAM used in each study, the setting of the study and the sample size.In this article we will describe use of CAM among breast cancer patients in a Norwegian and Danish health care context. In these countries, breast cancer counted for 23% (Cancer Registry of Norway, 2009) No applicable official definition of CAM exists in Denmark, but the situation is quite similar to Norway. CAM in a Danish context can be defined as therapies that go beyond the treatments offered by the state-financed health system (Baarts & Pedersen, 2009). In general, the prevalence of CAM use in Scandinavia is higher among women, individuals with higher education, and people with poor self-reported health (Hanssen et al., 2005).In Denmark, patients with breast and gynecological cancer seem to be more likely to seek CAM treatments than patients with all other types of cancer (Kimby, Launsø, Henningsen, & Langgaard, 2003), and breast cancer patients using CAM seem to be healthier and more likely to hav...

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“…In recent years, interest in a constructionist approach to LIS research has increased. A number of researchers either have used discourse analysis as a research methodology or explored its applicability to LIS (Frohmann, 2001;Heizmann, 2012;McKenzie & Oliphant, 2010;Tuominen, Talja, & Savolainen, 2002), including a special issue of Library Quarterly on discursive approaches to information seeking in context (Talja & McKenzie, 2007). A discourse analytic approach has been used to explore a wide range of questions in LIS spanning all sectorsfrom asking foundational questions about the discursive formulations of the discipline, to discursive constructions of users, to exploring social information practices.…”

Section: Lis Research and Discourse Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Social Justice Research in Library and Information Sciences: A Case for Discourse Analysis

Oliphant¹

2015

lib

Self Cite

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Scholars have employed a variety of research methodologies and methods to explore, probe, and uncover ways in which social justice is enacted, embodied, supported, or not supported by researchers, educators, and practitioners in library and information science and services (LIS). Discursive psychology as developed by social psychologist Jonathan Potter and critical discourse analysis as developed by Norman Fairclough are introduced as fruitful approaches to investigate the critical intersections of LIS and social justice. The theoretical development of social justice in LIS is discussed. Next, critical discourse analysis and discursive psychology are examined and then analyzed for goodness of fit with Kevin Rioux's (2010) five underlying assumptions of social justice metatheory: (1) All human beings have an inherent worth and deserve information services that help address those needs; (2) People perceive reality and information in different ways, often within cultural or life role contexts; (3) There are many different types of information and knowledge, and these are societal resources; (4) Theory and research are pursued with the ultimate goal of bringing positive change to service constituencies; (5) The provision of information services is an inherently powerful activity. Drawing on the findings of the goodness of fit of Rioux's metatheory and examples of discourse analytic studies in LIS, this article offers practical strategies for social justice researchers wanting to use critical discourse analysis or discursive psychology.

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Informing Evidence: Claimsmaking in Midwives’ and Clients’ Talk About Interventions

Cited by 12 publications

References 54 publications

Putting the pieces together: endometriosis blogs, cognitive authority, and collaborative information behavior

Putting the pieces together: endometriosis blogs, cognitive authority, and collaborative information behavior

Modes of Embodiment in Breast Cancer Patients Using Complementary and Alternative Medicine

Social Justice Research in Library and Information Sciences: A Case for Discourse Analysis

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