Informing the Gestalt: An Ethical Framework for Allocating Scarce Federal Public Health and Medical Resources to States During Disasters

Knebel, Ann R.; Sharpe, Virginia A.; Danis, Marion; Toomey, Lauren; Knickerbocker, Deborah K

doi:10.1017/dmp.2014.9

Cited by 13 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…Twenty-nine articles (17,1% of the whole sample) explicitly address ethics in public health [ 12 , 22 , 23 , 36 – 61 ] (see Table 1 ). While some of these articles do not focus on nutrition-related interventions in particular, they were included in our sample as they provide a useful picture of the background of this scoping review as well as describe current challenges in the field of ethics and public health that apply to various types of public health interventions.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Education and/or the assistance in ethics while developing/implementing public health interventions is also recommended [ 12 , 40 , 44 , 53 , 55 ]. Ten articles comment on existing and/or propose frameworks for an ethical evaluation of public health interventions in various contexts (including in health promotion, allocation decisions in humanitarian aid, health governance, and the monitoring and evaluation of interventions) [ 12 , 23 , 36 , 39 , 46 , 48 , 54 , 57 , 58 , 61 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ethical issues in the development and implementation of nutrition-related public health policies and interventions: A scoping review

et al. 2017

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BackgroundThe limited integration of ethics in nutrition-related public health policies and interventions is one major concern for those who have the task of implementing them. Ethical challenges that are overlooked during the development of such interventions could raise serious ethical issues during their implementation and even after. As a result, these decision makers need technical support and ethical guidance for adaptation of interventions to local (cultural, social, economic, etc.) contexts.AimThe goal of this scoping review is to delineate and “map” the range of ethical issues in nutrition-related public health interventions, as well as the range of the various fields in which they may arise.MethodsA scoping review of empirical research and conceptual literature was conducted following the framework of Arksey and O’Malley. Searches using PubMed with Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) categories and Advanced Search Builder as well as in the Global Health Library were performed. The final sample consists of 169 publications.ResultsThe ethics of public health prevention or treatment of obesity and non-communicable diseases is the most explicitly and frequently discussed subject. In comparison, ethical issues raised by public health interventions in the fields of undernutrition, breastfeeding, vitamin/mineral supplementation and food fortification, food security, food sustainability and food safety are addressed in a lower proportion of the sample. The results illustrate the various natures, types, and scopes of existing public health nutrition-related interventions, and the various ethical issues that may be raised by these interventions, in addition to the numerous and different contexts in which they may be implemented.DiscussionThe ethical issues faced in the development and implementation of nutrition-related public health interventions are varied and cannot be equated with, nor generalized about, when dealing with specific activities in this field. More importantly, these ethical issues cannot be managed without a careful consideration for the complexity of contexts in which nutrition-related interventions are expected to be implemented. These interventions engage a variety of actors with diverse perspectives and interests. We discuss these challenges and also comment on the importance of considering ethical impacts in the monitoring and evaluation of such interventions.ConclusionGeneral ethical frameworks or recommendations–although useful–cannot be expected to provide policy makers, implementators and other public health personnel with sufficient practical ethical guidance as they cannot consider and anticipate the particularities of all specific nutrition-related public health interventions and the complexity of the contexts in which they are implemented. Further research is needed in order to develop more targeted ethical frameworks.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethical issues in the development and implementation of nutrition-related public health policies and interventions: A scoping review

et al. 2017

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“…Need for prompt human validation and response [1,[9][10][11][12]15,17,26,[63][64][65][66][67] Can AI mitigate the spread of biological diseases and guide early treatment?…”

Section: Key Questions the Promise Of Ai The Peril Of Ai Referencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

What Can COVID-19 Teach Us about Using AI in Pandemics?

et al. 2020

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The COVID-19 pandemic put significant strain on societies and their resources, with the healthcare system and workers being particularly affected. Artificial Intelligence (AI) offers the unique possibility of improving the response to a pandemic as it emerges and evolves. Here, we utilize the WHO framework of a pandemic evolution to analyze the various AI applications. Specifically, we analyzed AI from the perspective of all five domains of the WHO pandemic response. To effectively review the current scattered literature, we organized a sample of relevant literature from various professional and popular resources. The article concludes with a consideration of AI’s weaknesses as key factors affecting AI in future pandemic preparedness and response.

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“…2 3 12 Although advances in detection and identification of IDs have improved, 1 COVID-19 has shown that significant time is required to develop medical countermeasures, especially vaccines. Our flex-competence approach would have in place the preparedness and rapid response measures, including anticipation of potentially scarce resources situations [13][14][15] with surge capacity of a 'space, staff, supplies and systems' approach . The Global Health Security Agenda (GHSA), a growing partnership of more than 64 nations, international organisations and non-governmental stakeholders, was launched in 2013 to 'help build countries' capacity to … create a world … secure from infectious disease threats and elevate global health security as a … global priority'.…”

Section: Building On the Global Approaches To Idsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Achieving flexible competence: bridging the investment dichotomy between infectious diseases and cancer

Coleman¹,

Mansoura

Marinissen

et al. 2020

BMJ Glob Health

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Today’s global health challenges in underserved communities include the growing burden of cancer and other non-communicable diseases (NCDs); infectious diseases (IDs) with epidemic and pandemic potential such as COVID-19; and health effects from catastrophic ‘all hazards’ disasters including natural, industrial or terrorist incidents. Healthcare disparities in low-income and middle-income countries and in some rural areas in developed countries make it a challenge to mitigate these health, socioeconomic and political consequences on our globalised society. As with IDs, cancer requires rapid intervention and its effective medical management and prevention encompasses the other major NCDs. Furthermore, the technology and clinical capability for cancer care enables management of NCDs and IDs. Global health initiatives that call for action to address IDs and cancer often focus on each problem separately, or consider cancer care only a downstream investment to primary care, missing opportunities to leverage investments that could support broader capacity-building. From our experience in health disparities, disaster preparedness, government policy and healthcare systems we have initiated an approach we call flex-competence which emphasises a systems approach from the outset of program building that integrates investment among IDs, cancer, NCDs and disaster preparedness to improve overall healthcare for the local community. This approach builds on trusted partnerships, multi-level strategies and a healthcare infrastructure providing surge capacities to more rapidly respond to and manage a wide range of changing public health threats.

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Informing the Gestalt: An Ethical Framework for Allocating Scarce Federal Public Health and Medical Resources to States During Disasters

Cited by 13 publications

References 9 publications

Ethical issues in the development and implementation of nutrition-related public health policies and interventions: A scoping review

Ethical issues in the development and implementation of nutrition-related public health policies and interventions: A scoping review

What Can COVID-19 Teach Us about Using AI in Pandemics?

Achieving flexible competence: bridging the investment dichotomy between infectious diseases and cancer

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