Infrared and Raman Spectroscopy of Aqueous Corrosion Films on Lead

Abstract

The use of Raman and infrared spectroscopy to analyze surface films on metals is described. Surface films formed on lead by reaction with aqueous buffer solutions were examined. The composition of each film was determined by Raman spectroscopy while the sample was in the solution. Multiple reflection infrared spectra of dry samples confirmed the Raman results. The Pourbaix diagram for lead in water was calculated, and potentiostatic exposures were conducted to see if the compounds corresponded to those predicted in the diagram. Tetragonal normalPbO was found to occur over a much greater range of potentials than thermodynamic stability would indicate.

The revised potential – pH diagram for Pb – H2O system

“…The chemical equilibria between various forms of Pb(II) in were considered. The speciation diagrams for the equilibria 4 The thermodynamic activity -pH diagrams of Pb(II) species were plotted. The hydrolysis of Pb(II) species with alteration of pH in presence of PbO(s) and Pb(OH)2(s) was discussed.…”

“…One of the most widely used is the Pourbaix diagram, also known as a potential -pH diagram, which is a graphic representation of equilibrium potential with respect to the standard hydrogen electrode (Y axis) versus pH (X axis) corresponding to the various equilibria between the different compounds of a given metal under standard thermodynamic conditions [1,2]. Pourbaix diagram for lead has proved to be very useful in many fields, such as corrosion [3][4][5][6][7][8], industrial electrolysis, plating, electrowinning and electrorefining of metals [9][10][11], primary and secondary electrochemical cells [3,[12][13][14][15], water treatment and hydrometallurgy [16][17][18][19][20][21], geo-and environmental chemistry [22], energy science and engineering, analytical chemistry [23] and chemical education [24].…”

Monitoring Corrosion Using Vibrational Spectroscopic Techniques

“…Most of the oxide films studied were either formed by anodic polarization [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] or by exposing the metals to hydrothermal environments. A series of work has focused on in situ Raman spectroscopic identification of oxide films grown on various metal surfaces, including Fe, Ni, Co, Ag, Ti, Pb, and stainless steel.…”

Micro Raman investigation on corrosion of Pb‐based alloy replicas of letters from the museum Plantin‐Moretus, Antwerp

“…[17,18] Furthermore, the use of μRS is generally well known for corrosion products of many kinds of materials. [8,19,20] Nevertheless, this technique is often replaced by analysis with other well-established techniques, such as qualitative and quantitative elemental analysis (e.g. EDS) or electrochemical analysis (e.g.…”