Infrared atmospheric band airglow radiometer on board the satellite OHZORA.

Yamamoto, Hiromasa; Makino, T.; Sekiguchi, Hiroyuki; Naito, Ichiro

doi:10.5636/jgg.40.321

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…SME measured emission from O 2 ( 1 ) produced by photolysis of O 3 (Thomas et al, 1984). The infrared atmospheric-band airglow radiometer (IRA) aboard the satellite OHZORA measured the mesospheric ozone profile derived from O 2 ( 1 ) emission (Yamamoto et al, 1988). One part of the Optical Spectrograph and InfraRed Imager System instrument onboard the Odin satellite is a three-channel infrared imager (IRI) that observes the scattered sunlight and the airglow from the oxygen infrared atmospheric band at 1.27 µm 476 A. Zarboo et al: SCIAMACHY O 2 ( 1 ) and O 2 ( 1 ) MLT volume emission rates (Llewellyn et al, 2004).…”

Section: Previous Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Retrieval of O2(1Σ) and O2(1Δ) volume emission rates in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere using SCIAMACHY MLT limb scans

Zarboo¹,

Bender²,

Burrows³

et al. 2018

Atmos. Meas. Tech.

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Abstract. We present the retrieved volume emission rates (VERs) from the airglow of both the daytime and twilight O 2 ( 1 ) band and O 2 ( 1 ) band emissions in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere (MLT). The SCanning Imaging Absorption SpectroMeter for Atmospheric CHartographY (SCIAMACHY) onboard the European Space Agency Envisat satellite observes upwelling radiances in limb-viewing geometry during its special MLT mode over the range 50-150 km. In this study we use the limb observations in the visible (595-811 nm) and near-infrared (1200-1360 nm) bands.We have investigated the daily mean latitudinal distributions and the time series of the retrieved VER in the altitude range from 53 to 149 km. The maximal observed VERs of O 2 ( 1 ) during daytime are typically 1 to 2 orders of magnitude larger than those of O 2 ( 1 ). The latter peaks at around 90 km, whereas the O 2 ( 1 ) emissivity decreases with altitude, with the largest values at the lower edge of the observations (about 53 km). The VER values in the upper mesosphere (above 80 km) are found to depend on the position of the sun, with pronounced high values occurring during summer for O 2 ( 1 ). O 2 ( 1 ) emissions show additional high values at polar latitudes during winter and spring. These additional high values are presumably related to the downwelling of atomic oxygen after large sudden stratospheric warmings (SSWs). Accurate measurements of the O 2 ( 1 ) and O 2 ( 1 ) airglow, provided that the mechanism of their production is understood, yield valuable information about both the chemistry and dynamics in the MLT. For example, they can be used to infer the amounts and distribution of ozone, solar heating rates, and temperature in the MLT.

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Section: Previous Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Retrieval of O2(1Σ) and O2(1Δ) volume emission rates in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere using SCIAMACHY MLT limb scans

Zarboo¹,

Bender²,

Burrows³

et al. 2018

Atmos. Meas. Tech.

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“…The infrared atmospheric band airglow radiometer aboard the Ohzora satellite, which was launched in February 1984, also observed O 2 airglow emission at 1.27 µm during its 4 years of operation. Daytime ozone distributions were obtained based on the SME and Ohzora satellite observations [ Thomas , ; Thomas et al , ; Yamamoto et al , ]. Later, the TIMED/SABER satellite, launched in December 2001, and the Optical Spectrograph and Infrared Imager System instrument on the Odin satellite, launched in February 2001, observed the O 2 airglow emission at 1.27 µm [ Llewellyn et al , ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The responses of the nightglow emissions observed by the TIMED/SABER satellite to solar radiation

Gao

Chen

2016

JGR Space Physics

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The responses of four nightglow emissions, NO emission at 5.3 µm, O2 infrared atmospheric band at 1.27 µm, and OH emissions at 2.0 µm and 1.6 µm (referred to as OH2 and OH1 in this study), to solar radiation are studied and compared based on the data observed by the Sounding of the Atmosphere using Broadband Emission Radiometry instrument over 13 years. The quantitative relationships between the nightglow emissions and solar radiation are obtained by a linear regression fit using the F10.7 index. The intensities and the peak heights of the 13 year average global mean NO, O2, OH2, and OH1 nightglows are 270.0 ± 42.8 kR, 106.9 ± 2.2 kR, 133.2 ± 1.6 kR, 217.5 ± 2.4 kR, 123.6 ± 0.2 km, 89.8 ± 0.05 km, 88.1 ± 0.02 km, and 86.6 ± 0.02 km, respectively. Among the four nightglow emissions, the influence of solar radiation on the ones at lower heights is weaker than the ones higher above. The responses of the global mean NO, O2, OH2, and OH1 nightglow intensities to solar radiation are 176.3 ± 4.8%/100 solar flux units (sfu), 22.2 ± 1.4%/100 sfu, 12.9 ± 1.1%/100 sfu, and 11.4 ± 1.3%/100 sfu, respectively. The intensities and peak emission rates of the four global mean nightglow emissions are highly correlated to solar radiation. The response of the height of the global mean O2 nightglow peak emission rate to solar radiation is 0.51 ± 0.08 km/100 sfu. The responses of NO, OH2, and OH1 nightglow peak heights to solar radiation are not obvious. In addition, the responses of nightglow emissions to solar radiation change with latitude.

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“…Several space instruments have been used in the past to the study of the O 2 ( 1 Δ) emission, mainly to retrieve the 30 O 3 concentration: the Solar Mesosphere Explorer satellite (SME, Thomas et al, 1984); one infra-red radiometer aboard the satellite OHZORA, (Yamamoto et al, 1988) ; one infra-red imager a part of Osiris instrument on board ODIN (Llewellyn et al, 2004) ; the SABER broad band photometer on board TIMED NASA mission (Gao et al, 2011) and SCIAMACHY spectrometer on board ESA ENVISAT mission. We have used the SCIAMACHY data because of the spectral capability (resolution λ/dλ∼850) and extensive produced data set 35 during the ESA/ENVISAT mission.…”

Section: The Use Of Sciamachy Data For the Study Of The O 2 ( 1 δ) Emmentioning

confidence: 99%

The use of O₂ 1.27 µm absorption band revisited for GHG monitoring from space and application to MicroCarb

Bertaux

Hauchecorne

Lefèvre

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Abstract. Monitoring CO2 from space is essential to characterize the spatio/temporal distribution of this major greenhouse gas, and quantify its sources and sinks. The mixing ratio of CO2 to dry air can be derived from the CO2/O2 column ratio. The O2 column is usually derived form its absorption signature on the solar reflected spectra over the O2 A-band (i.e. OCO-2, Tanso/Gosat, Tansat). As a result of atmospheric scattering, the atmospheric path length varies with the aerosols load, their vertical distribution, and their optical properties. The spectral distance between the O2 A-band (0.76 µm) and the CO2 absorption band (1.6 µm) results in significant uncertainties due to the varying spectral properties of the aerosols over the globe. There is another O2 absorption band at 1.27 µm with weaker lines than in the A-band. As the wavelength is much nearer to the CO2 and CH4 bands, there is less uncertainty when using it as a proxy of the atmospheric path length to the CO2 and CH4 bands. This O2 band is used by the TCCON network implemented for the validation of space-based GHG observations. However, this absorption band is contaminated by the spontaneous emission of the excited molecule O2*, which is produced by the photo-dissociation of O3 molecules in the stratosphere and mesosphere. From a satellite looking nadir, this emission has a similar shape as the absorption signal that is used. In the frame of the CNES MicroCarb project, scientific studies have been performed in 2016–2018 to explore the problems associated to this O2* airglow contamination and methods to correct it. A theoretical synthetic spectrum of the emission was derived from a new approach, based on A21 Einstein coefficients information contained in the line-by-line HITRAN 2016 data base. The shape of our synthetic spectrum is fully validated when compared to O2* airglow spectra observed by SCIAMACHY/ENVISAT in limb viewing. We have designed an inversion scheme of SCIAMACHY limb viewing spectra, allowing to determine the vertical distribution of the Volume Emision Rate of the O2* airglow. The VER profiles and corresponding integrated nadir intensities were both compared to a model of the emission based on the chemical-transport model REPROBUS. The airglow intensities depend mostly on the Solar Zenith Angle (both in model and data) and the model underestimate the observed emission by ∼ 15 %. This is fully confirmed with SCIAMACHY nadir viewing measurements over the oceans: in such conditions, we have disentangled and retrieved the nadir O2* emission in spite of the moderate spectral resolving power (∼ 860). It is shown that with the MicroCarb spectral resolution power (25,000) and SNR, the contribution of the O2* emission at 1.27 µm to the observed spectral radiance in nadir viewing may be disentangled from the lower atmosphere/ground absorption signature with a great accuracy. Simulations with 4ARCTIC radiative transfer inversion tool have shown that the CO2 mixing ratio may be retrieved with the accuracy required for quantifying the CO2 natural sources and sinks (pressure level error ≤ 1 hPa, XCO2 accuracy better than 0.4 ppmv) with only the O2 1.27 µm band. As a result of these studies (at an intermediate phase), it was decided to include this band (B4) in the MicroCarb design, while keeping the O2 A band for reference (B1). Our approach is very similar (likely identical), to the approach of Sun et al. (2018) who also analysed the potential of the O2 1.27 µm band and concluded favourably for GHG monitoring from space. We advocate for the inclusion of this O2 band on other GHG monitoring future space missions, such as GOSAT-3 and EU/ESA CO2-M missions, for a better GHG retrieval.

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Infrared atmospheric band airglow radiometer on board the satellite OHZORA.

Cited by 5 publications

References 8 publications

Retrieval of O<sub>2</sub>(<sup>1</sup>Σ) and O<sub>2</sub>(<sup>1</sup>Δ) volume emission rates in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere using SCIAMACHY MLT limb scans

Retrieval of O<sub>2</sub>(<sup>1</sup>Σ) and O<sub>2</sub>(<sup>1</sup>Δ) volume emission rates in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere using SCIAMACHY MLT limb scans

The responses of the nightglow emissions observed by the TIMED/SABER satellite to solar radiation

The use of O₂ 1.27 µm absorption band revisited for GHG monitoring from space and application to MicroCarb

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Infrared atmospheric band airglow radiometer on board the satellite OHZORA.

Cited by 5 publications

References 8 publications

Retrieval of O&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;(&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Σ) and O&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;(&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Δ) volume emission rates in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere using SCIAMACHY MLT limb scans

Retrieval of O&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;(&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Σ) and O&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;(&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Δ) volume emission rates in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere using SCIAMACHY MLT limb scans

The responses of the nightglow emissions observed by the TIMED/SABER satellite to solar radiation

The use of O2 1.27 µm absorption band revisited for GHG monitoring from space and application to MicroCarb

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Product

Resources

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Retrieval of O<sub>2</sub>(<sup>1</sup>Σ) and O<sub>2</sub>(<sup>1</sup>Δ) volume emission rates in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere using SCIAMACHY MLT limb scans

Retrieval of O<sub>2</sub>(<sup>1</sup>Σ) and O<sub>2</sub>(<sup>1</sup>Δ) volume emission rates in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere using SCIAMACHY MLT limb scans

The use of O₂ 1.27 µm absorption band revisited for GHG monitoring from space and application to MicroCarb