Infrared brazing of TiAl intermetallic using BAg-8 braze alloy

Shiue, Ren-Kae; Wu, S.K.; Chen, S.Y.

doi:10.1016/s1359-6454(02)00606-7

Cited by 180 publications

(113 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The time to melt the filler depends on its melting temperature [86] and heating method [87,88], which can be performed on furnace, by microwave or infrared radiation to have fast thermal cycles [89].…”

Section: Brazing and Solderingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Welding and Joining of NiTi Shape Memory Alloys: A Review

Oliveira

Miranda

Fernandes

2017

Progress in Materials Science

285

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Section: Brazing and Solderingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Welding and Joining of NiTi Shape Memory Alloys: A Review

Oliveira

Miranda

Fernandes

2017

Progress in Materials Science

285

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“…Compared with the traditional furnace brazing, infrared brazing is suitable in studying the microstructural evolution of the joint with the advantage of its rapid heating rate as high as 3000°C per minute. Additionally, the brazing cycle does less damage to the base metal during infrared brazing (5,6).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infrared brazing of Ti50Ni50 shape memory alloy using gold-based braze alloys

Shiue

2006

Gold Bull

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Ti 50 Ni 50 shape memory alloy (SMA) which exhibits a strong shape memory effect has been considered as a good candidate for aerospace or medical applications (1-3). The development of joining process is always important in the application of many engineering alloys. Ti 50 Ni 50 SMA can be joined by brazing without melting the base metal in order to keep its shape memory effect as well as mechanical properties (4). Compared with the traditional furnace brazing, infrared brazing is suitable in studying the microstructural evolution of the joint with the advantage of its rapid heating rate as high as 3000°C per minute. Additionally, the brazing cycle does less damage to the base metal during infrared brazing (5,6).The selection of filler metal plays a key role in brazing Ti 50 Ni 50 SMA. The wettability of the molten braze on Ti 50 Ni 50 substrate, the shape memory effect of the brazed joint and the formation of intermetallic phases in the joint should be considered together in choosing the filler metal. It has been reported that replacing Ni in the Ti 50 Ni 50 SMA by Au or Cu to form Ti 50 Ni 50-x Au x or Ti 50 Ni 50-x Cu x alloys can still preserve its shape memory effect (7,8). Based on previous studies, Ti 50 Ni 50 can be infrared brazed using pure Cu as the filler metal, and the Ti(Ni,Cu) phase in the brazed joint exhibits the shape memory behavior even it has alloyed with a huge amount of Cu (4). Since Au and Cu is completely miscible above 410°C, it should be possible to infrared braze Ti 50 Ni 50 SMA using Au-Cu alloys without detrimental effect to its shape memory effect. The melting point of pure Au is 1064.4°C. The Au-20Cu alloy in weight percent has the lowest liquidus temperature of 910°C in the Au-Cu binary alloy system (9). Therefore, these compositions have been chosen as braze alloys in this study. The purpose of this investigation is focused on the microstructural evolution and shape memory behaviour of the infrared brazed Ti 50 Ni 50 joints. The feasibility of infrared brazing Ti 50 Ni 50 alloy using Au and Au-20Cu as the braze alloys is also evaluated. Experimental procedureTi 50 Ni 50 SMA was prepared by vacuum arc remelting (VAR) of titanium rods (purity: 99.7wt%) and nickel pellets (purity: 99.9wt%). Both titanium rods and nickel pellets were cleaned by 1HF-15HNO 3 -64H 2 O (in ml) and saturated NaOH solution prior to performing VAR. Foils of Au-20Cu in weight percent and pure Au foils (purity : 99.99wt%) were selected as braze alloys, and their thickness was kept at 70 m throughout the experiments.The infrared furnace used in this study was ULVAC SINKO-RIKO RHL-P610C with the maximum heating rate of about 3000°C/min (10). Infrared brazing was performed under the vacuum of 5x10 -5 mbar, and the heating rate was set at 900°C/min. All specimens were preheated at 600°C for 60 sec to equilibrate the actual temperature in the specimen.

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“…[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17] However, they suffer from low ductility and toughness at ambient temperatures which, along with poor formability, appears to be the most serious obstacle to their full utilization. 14) Therefore, technology developments in alloy design, processing, surface modification and joining are very important in the expansion of applications of TiAl.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…13,17) The joining of TiAl-based intermetallics has been successfully performed by fusion welding, [3][4][5] friction welding, 6,7) diffusion bonding [8][9][10][11] and brazing. [12][13][14][15][16][17] Patterson et al reported that the joining of TiAl using electron beam welding produced welding cracks in the joints due to rapid cooling. 5) Nakao et al reported that the joint tensile strength of Ti-52Al joints using diffusion bonding was about 225 MPa.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…13) Brazing, as an effective joining process, offers many advantages over other joining processes, such as a relatively low joining temperature and the capabilities to join many parts simultaneously, to join dissimilar materials, and to join complex components as well as to provide high precision and better joint properties. 13,15) Generally, pure silver can easily braze titanium and most of its alloys.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Induction Brazing of γ-TiAl to Alloy Steel AISI 4140 Using Filler Metal of Eutectic Ag-Cu Alloy Coated with Ti Film

et al. 2005

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The induction brazing of TiAl to alloy steel AISI 4140 was carried out using a filler metal of eutectic Ag-Cu alloy coated with Ti film. The brazement was comprised of Ag-rich, Ti-rich, CuTi and CuTi 2 phases at a brazing temperature of 1073 K. Two reaction layers, AlCuTi and AlCu 2 Ti phases, were observed between the filler metal and TiAl. The consumption of Cu to form these intermetallic compounds during brazing resulted in the increasing amount of Ag-rich and Ti-rich phases in the brazement with increasing the brazing temperature and time. The maximum tensile strength of the joints, 294 MPa, was achieved at 1073 K for 60 s, which was 71% of that of the TiAl base metal. The mechanical strength of the joint decreased with increasing the brazing temperature and time due to the growth of brittle reaction products at the interface. The fracture mode of the specimen brazed at 1073 K for 60 s was a mixed mode, consisting of 16% TiAl base metal fracture and 84% interface fracture through the AlCu 2 Ti and AlCuTi phases. However, the fracture location shifted toward the interfacial reaction layers with increasing the bonding temperature and time.

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Infrared brazing of TiAl intermetallic using BAg-8 braze alloy

Cited by 180 publications

References 23 publications

Welding and Joining of NiTi Shape Memory Alloys: A Review

Welding and Joining of NiTi Shape Memory Alloys: A Review

Infrared brazing of Ti50Ni50 shape memory alloy using gold-based braze alloys

Induction Brazing of γ-TiAl to Alloy Steel AISI 4140 Using Filler Metal of Eutectic Ag-Cu Alloy Coated with Ti Film

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Infrared brazing of TiAl intermetallic using BAg-8 braze alloy

Cited by 180 publications

References 23 publications

Welding and Joining of NiTi Shape Memory Alloys: A Review

Welding and Joining of NiTi Shape Memory Alloys: A Review

Infrared brazing of Ti50Ni50 shape memory alloy using gold-based braze alloys

Induction Brazing of &gamma;-TiAl to Alloy Steel AISI 4140 Using Filler Metal of Eutectic Ag-Cu Alloy Coated with Ti Film

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Induction Brazing of γ-TiAl to Alloy Steel AISI 4140 Using Filler Metal of Eutectic Ag-Cu Alloy Coated with Ti Film