Infrared digital thermography of scrotum in early selection of progressive varicocele

Kuliš, Tomislav; Knežević, Matej; Karlović, Krešimir; Kolarić, Darko; Antonini, Svetlana; Kaštelan, Željko

doi:10.1016/j.mehy.2013.06.028

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…A study that monitored surface temperature by IR thermal camera in the postoperative management of free tissue transfers showed lower surface temperature in flaps with thrombosis than normal flaps [10]. Earlier, few studies on human reported elevated scrotal temperature in patients with varicocele when assessed by IR thermal camera [11,12].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of infrared thermal camera in acute scrotal pain: a prospective study

Yavuz

Kürümlüoğlu

Zengin

et al. 2021

IMC Journal of Medical Science

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Background and objectives: Infrared thermal (IR) camera is used to assess various clinical conditions such as diabetic foot, carotid artery stenosis, and superficial infection. The present study was designed to determine the usefulness of IR thermal camera in scrotal temperature measurement before color Doppler ultrasonography (CDUS) in patients admitted to the emergency department with acute scrotal pain. Method: This study was prospectively conducted on 49 patients with acute scrotal pain and 30 control participants. The findings of CDUS and scrotal temperature measurements by an IR camera were separately evaluated by different physicians. In all patients, temperature measurements with IR camera were made under the same environmental conditions. Results: Of the 49 patients included in the study, four were diagnosed with torsion, 12 with epididymitis, 4 with orchitis, 3 with epididymo-orchitis, and 2 with varicocele. A significant difference was observed between the scrotal temperature of the patients with scrotal pain and the mean testicular temperature of the control group based on the IR camera measurement (p<0.05). IR camera did not detect any difference between the two testicles of the same person in the patient group (p=0.615). Although the lowest temperature was in testicular torsion, the patients’ scrotal temperature did not significantly differ according to their diagnoses (p=0.087). Conclusion: Testicular temperature measured by IR device was lower in patients presenting with scrotal pain compared to normal individuals. Although not statistically significant, the lowest temperature was found in cases of testicular torsion. IR camera may be useful in triage when used in conjunction with physical examination in patients presenting with acute scrotal pain. IMC J Med Sci 2022; 16(1): 007 *Correspondence: Erdal Yavuz, Department of Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Adiyaman University, Adiyaman, Turkey. Email: erdal_yavuz15@hotmail.com, Orcid: 0000-0002-3168-6469

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of infrared thermal camera in acute scrotal pain: a prospective study

Yavuz

Kürümlüoğlu

Zengin

et al. 2021

IMC Journal of Medical Science

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“…Since varicocele is a frequent condition, often accidentally encountered during US examination, it’s indispensable to obtain functional data to direct exactly therapeutic management. For instance, digital infrared thermography is an imaging modality assessing increased superficial temperature related to varicocele [ 63 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Imaging of the scrotum: beyond sonography

et al. 2018

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The aim of this article is to describe the role of second-level imaging techniques after an initial ultrasonography evaluation in the assessment of scrotal diseases. While ultrasonography remains central as the primary imaging modality for the evaluation of pathologic conditions of the scrotum, the role of magnetic resonance imaging continues to evolve: it can actually be valuable as a problem-solving tool when sonographic findings are equivocal or inconclusive. Magnetic resonance imaging of the scrotum may provide accurate detection and characterization of scrotal diseases, well depicting the precise location of scrotal masses (intratesticular or extratesticular) and reliably characterizing benign conditions simulating neoplastic processes, thus preventing unnecessary radical surgery. Advanced magnetic resonance techniques, most of all diffusion weighted imaging and magnetic resonance spectroscopy, play in the meanwhile a more significant role in evaluating scrotal diseases.Teaching points • Multiparametric ultrasonography usually represents the initial imaging modality for approaching scrotal diseases. • MRI is well established as a problem-solving tool for inconclusive sonographic findings. • Advanced MRI techniques can be successfully applied in scrotal pathology assessment. • MRI is valuable in differentiating benign conditions from neoplastic processes. • CT plays a role in trauma assessment and cancer staging alongside PET/CT.

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“…[27] Skrotumun infrared dijital termografisi ile semen bozukluğunun da saptanabildiği ve cerrahiye aday kişilerin saptanmasında da faydalı olduğu belirtilmektedir. [28] Ayrıca düşük dereceli varikosellerin tanısında ve cerrahi tedavi sonrası takip döneminde de kullanılabileceği ispatlanmıştır. [29] Objektif ve kısa sürede yapılan bir tanısal yöntem olmasına karşın geçmişte yaygın olarak kullanılmamıştır.…”

Section: Termografiunclassified

“…Kesin tanısal kriterlerin olmaması ve yüksek maliyet bunun ana nedenleri olarak düşünülmektedir. [28] İlgili alanlar sağ ve sol tarafta pampiniform pleksus ve testislerdeki ısı değerleridir. Varikosel varlığında termografide artmış ısı alanları iki farklı şekilde değerlendirilir.…”

Section: Termografiunclassified

Varikosel tanısında kullanılan görüntüleme yöntemleri

Atan¹

2018

Androl Bul

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E rkek infertilitesinin en sık ve düzeltilebilir nedeni olan varikosel, pampiniform pleksusta bulunan venlerin anormal dilatasyonudur. [1] Sıklıkla sol tarafta görülür. Sol internal spermatik ven vertikal olarak seyrederek o taraf renal venine drene olur. Sol renal ven içerisindeki yüksek basınç varikosel oluşumuna yol açar. Sağ taraf internal spermatik ven tanjansiyel olarak vena kavaya açıldığı için ciddi bir basınca maruz kalmaz. [2] Varikosele bağlı infertilitenin nedeni tam olarak bilinmemesine karşın ısı artışı, artmış veya azalmış kan akımı, renal ve adrenal metabolitlerin testise reflüsü, hipoksi, sigara, hormonal bozukluk, aile öyküsü, yaş, travma, obezite, flebit ve uzun süre ayakta kalma gibi faktörlerin rol oynadığı düşünülmektedir. [3-6] Varikosel prevelansı sağlıklı erkeklerde %15-20 oranındadır. Primer infertilite nedeniyle tedavi arayan erkeklerde varikosel prevelansı %35-40 oranında iken sekonder ABSTRACT Varicocele is the most common and correctable cause of male infertility. Although the physical examination is the gold standard method in diagnosis of varicocele, some radiological imaging methods are still in use. Imaging methods used for varicocele diagnosis are venography, thermography, scintigraphy, computed tomography, and diffusion weighted magnetic resonance imaging. Up-to-date information on radiological imaging methods will be given in this review.

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Infrared digital thermography of scrotum in early selection of progressive varicocele

Cited by 7 publications

References 22 publications

Use of infrared thermal camera in acute scrotal pain: a prospective study

Use of infrared thermal camera in acute scrotal pain: a prospective study

Imaging of the scrotum: beyond sonography

Varikosel tanısında kullanılan görüntüleme yöntemleri

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