This study elucidates the factors reducing the CO 2 methanation reaction temperature of TiO 2 -supported Ru catalysts prepared via the polygonal barrel-sputtering method (Ru/TiO 2 (BS)) to investigate the structure-sensitivity mechanism. The smaller nanoparticles deposited in Ru/ TiO 2 (BS) (<4 nm) were amorphous RuO 2 because of air exposure after the preparation, and their surfaces were changed to island-shaped structures consisting of amorphous RuO 2 and amorphous Ru metal by H 2 exposure. In this case, dissociative hydrogen was also adsorbed in abundance on the amorphous Ru metals. Such hydrogen atoms were not observed in conventional Ru/TiO 2 catalysts. Under the supplied CO 2 + H 2 at a stoichiometric ratio of 1:4, these hydrogen atoms not only contributed to the generation of a unique CO intermediate (Ru−CO−Ru−H) from room temperature, but also reduced this CO adsorbate to methane even in low-temperature ranges (≤120 °C). These reaction steps were completely different from the reported mechanisms. Accordingly, the formation of amorphous Ru metals and the adsorption of hydrogen atoms on them are essential for reducing the CO 2 methanation temperature. These are key factors of structure-sensitivity, which would also be useful for improving activities of various catalysts.