Infrared Resonance Tuning of Nanoslit Antennas with Phase-Change Materials

Conrads, Lukas; Heßler, Andreas; Völkel, Lukas; Wilden, Kilian; Strauch, Achim; Pries, Julian; Wuttig, Matthias; Taubner, Thomas

doi:10.1021/acsnano.3c11121

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…The conductivity is about 10 4 S/cm and therefore allows the classification as a bad metal. Previously, arbitrary nanoantenna shapes were fabricated via direct laser writing and even a large-area spatial emissivity shaping metasurface was demonstrated 36 – 41 . However, reconfiguring the resonators to modify the confined polaritons modes and investigating the coupling of metallic IST resonators to polaritons remains elusive.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct programming of confined surface phonon polariton resonators with the plasmonic phase-change material In3SbTe2

Conrads,

Schüler,

Wirth

et al. 2024

Nat Commun

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Tailoring light-matter interaction is essential to realize nanophotonic components. It can be achieved with surface phonon polaritons (SPhPs), an excitation of photons coupled with phonons of polar crystals, which also occur in 2d materials such as hexagonal boron nitride or anisotropic crystals. Ultra-confined resonances are observed by restricting the SPhPs to cavities. Phase-change materials (PCMs) enable non-volatile programming of these cavities based on a change in the refractive index. Recently, the plasmonic PCM In3SbTe2 (IST) was introduced which can be reversibly switched from an amorphous dielectric state to a crystalline metallic one in the entire infrared to realize numerous nanoantenna geometries. However, reconfiguring SPhP resonators to modify the confined polaritons modes remains elusive. Here, we demonstrate direct programming of confined SPhP resonators by phase-switching IST on top of a polar silicon carbide crystal and investigate the strongly confined resonance modes with scanning near-field optical microscopy. Reconfiguring the size of the resonators themselves result in enhanced mode confinements up to a value of $${{{{{\boldsymbol{\lambda }}}}}}{{{{{\boldsymbol{/}}}}}}{{{{{\boldsymbol{35}}}}}}{{{{{\boldsymbol{.}}}}}}$$ λ / 35 . Finally, unconventional cavity shapes with complex field patterns are explored as well. This study is a first step towards rapid prototyping of reconfigurable SPhP resonators that can be easily transferred to hyperbolic and anisotropic 2d materials.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct programming of confined surface phonon polariton resonators with the plasmonic phase-change material In3SbTe2

Conrads,

Schüler,

Wirth

et al. 2024

Nat Commun

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“…Here, we report hybrid g-PhPs supported in a heterostructure of calcite and an ultrathin film of phase change material (PCM) where the optical field is largely confined within and sharply decays outside the film. In our experiments, we used a thin film of plasmonic PCM In 3 SbTe 2 (IST) that undergoes a dielectric-to-metal phase transition upon crystallization, which provides an unprecedented large optical contrast over infrared and terahertz spectral range. − By introducing such a film, not only is the field confinement enhanced, but also an active manipulation of hybrid g-PhPs is realized via direct laser switching of crystalline microdomains or gratings in IST. With scanning near-field optical microscopy, we are able to measure the angle-dependent momentum distribution of hybrid g-PhPs and the standing waves in between IST gratings.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Hybrid Ghost Phonon Polaritons in Thin-Film Heterostructure

Yan,

Lu,

Chen

et al. 2024

Nano Lett.

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Ghost phonon polaritons (g-PhPs), a unique class of phonon polaritons in the infrared, feature ultralong diffractionless propagation (>20 μm) across the surface and tilted wavefronts in the bulk.Here, we study hybrid g-PhPs in a heterostructure of calcite and an ultrathin film of the phase change material (PCM) In 3 SbTe 2 , where the optical field is bound in the PCM film with enhanced confinement compared with conventional g-PhPs. Near-field optical images for hybrid g-PhPs reveal a lemniscate pattern in the momentum distribution. We fabricated In 3 SbTe 2 gratings and investigated how different orientations and periodicities of gratings impact the propagation of hybrid g-PhPs. As the grating period decreases to zero, the wavefront of hybrid g-PhPs can be dynamically steered by varying the grating orientation. Our results highlight the promise of hybrid g-PhPs with tunable functionalities for nanophotonic studies.

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Near‐Field Nanospectroscopy and Mode Mapping of Lead Telluride Hoppercubes

Nandi,

Shimoni,

Yitzchaik

et al. 2024

Advanced Optical Materials

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Lead chalcogenides are compelling materials for nanophotonics and optoelectronics due to their high refractive indices, extreme thermo‐optic coefficients, and high transparency in the mid‐infrared (MIR). In this study, PbTe hoppercubes (HC, face‐open box cubes) are synthesized and explored for their MIR resonant characteristics. Single‐particle microspectroscopy uncovered deep‐subwavelength light localization, with a spectral response dominated by both fundamental and multiple high‐order Mie‐resonant modes. Nanoimaging mapping using scattering‐type scanning near‐field optical microscopy (s‐SNOM) reveals that the scattering at the center of the HC is reduced by more than five times compared to the edges. 2D‐Hyperspectral scans conducted using a low‐power broadband MIR source and nanometer spatial resolutions provided information on the local amplitude and phase‐resolved near‐fields, including amplitude and phase mapping of higher order modes with measured Q‐factors of close to 100. Employing s‐SNOM to characterize complex resonant nanophotonic structures holds implications for quantum sensing, IR photodetection, non‐linear generation, and ultra‐compact high‐Q metaphotonics.

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Infrared Resonance Tuning of Nanoslit Antennas with Phase-Change Materials

Cited by 7 publications

References 60 publications

Direct programming of confined surface phonon polariton resonators with the plasmonic phase-change material In3SbTe2

Direct programming of confined surface phonon polariton resonators with the plasmonic phase-change material In3SbTe2

Hybrid Ghost Phonon Polaritons in Thin-Film Heterostructure

Near‐Field Nanospectroscopy and Mode Mapping of Lead Telluride Hoppercubes

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