Infrared thermography for building diagnostics

Balaras, Constantinos A.

doi:10.1016/s0378-7788(01)00105-0

Cited by 457 publications

(248 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…No solar irradiation allowed during 3h prior to investigation [2] No solar irradiation allowed during 8h prior to investigation [2] IR possible several h after exposure [3,4] IR possible 24 h after exposure [3,4] IR possible 48 h after exposure [3,4] IR possible 2-3 h after exposure [5] IR possible 4-6 h after exposure [5] IR possible 8 h after exposure [5] Not allowed 12h prior to IR [6,7,8] Structures with high thermal mass need more attention [6,7] Not allowed [9,10,11,12,13,14,15] Temperature gradient ∆Ts = 0,5 *∆Te,grad [3,4] ∆Ts = 0,35 *∆Te,grad [3,4] ∆Ts = 0,2 *∆Te,grad [3,4] ∆T, grad low and stable during IR [10] ∆Te, grad < 10°C 24h prior to IR, < 5°C during IR [6,7,12] ∆Ti, grad < 2°C during IR [6,7,16] ∆Te, grad < 5°C during IR [6,7,16] …”

Section: Solar Irradiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of environmental parameters on the thermographic analysis of the building envelope

Vijver¹,

Steeman²,

Bossche³

et al. 2014

Proceedings of the 2014 International Conference on Quantitative InfraRed Thermography

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Typically, thermographic measurements are used to analyze the building envelope in a qualitative way (e.g. detection of thermal bridges, missing insulation, etc.). Besides, thermography can also be used to obtain surface temperatures, which can give an indication of the thermal performance of the building envelope. In this paper the influence of the most important environmental parameters on the thermographic analysis of different wall types is examined using a multivariable parameter study. This results in guidelines that are in good accordance with the existing guidelines. Furthermore some remarks were made concerning the ambiguities in the existing guidelines. INTRODUCTIONEurope has high ambitions concerning energy efficiency and the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions. By 2050, one of the goals is to reduce the CO2-emissions by more than 80 %, which is impossible with the current policy. In order to reach this goal, the percentage of renovated buildings has to increase from 1% to around 2,5% per year by 2020 [1]. For new buildings, one of the key factors to satisfy the need for energy efficiency is a high performing building envelope, which can be achieved by a high insulation level and an excellent airtightness. In this context, infrared thermography (IR) is a valuable non-destructive tool which can be used both for evaluating the execution quality of the building envelope or for determining where renovation of the building envelope is necessary. For a proper assessment of the wall surface temperature the building envelope has to be as close as possible to steady-state conditions. Therefore an adequate knowledge of the influence of environmental parameters (solar irradiation, wind velocity, sky radiation, etc.) and building parameters (thermal mass of the structure) on the dynamic behavior of the building envelope is needed. Due to the large number of parameters that influence this dynamic behavior together with the limitations of the existing thermographic cameras, additional research is necessary to make quantitative surveys more reliable. In what follows an overview of the currently existing guidelines is given. Starting from the existing guidelines, simulations were conducted to investigate the dynamic behaviour of the wall surface temperature for different combinations of environmental parameters. Finally, feedback on the currently existing standards is given taking into account the results obtained by the simulations.

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Section: Solar Irradiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To avoid [10,14] No influence on IR from small distance [3,17] Wet surface or with snow covered surface not allowed [2,3,17] Makes it impossible to do an IR [15] For roof inspection the roof surface has to be dry [9,10,18] …”

Section: Precipitationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of environmental parameters on the thermographic analysis of the building envelope

Vijver¹,

Steeman²,

Bossche³

et al. 2014

Proceedings of the 2014 International Conference on Quantitative InfraRed Thermography

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“…Infrared thermography is a versatile technology that can be applied under a very wide range of domains and scales, ranging from macroscopic applications, such as building and agriculture diagnostics, [1,2] to the observation of miniaturised systems, such as electronic device characterisation or biological and chemical systems. [3,4] More precisely, for quantitative studies, this technology offers the possibility to measure important experimental parameters, such as the convective heat transfer, [5] as well as to monitor the temperature distribution, [6] which can be one of the most important parameters in some experimental studies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative thermal analysis of heat transfer in liquid–liquid biphasic millifluidic droplet flows

Romano

Pradère

Toutain

et al. 2014

Quantitative InfraRed Thermography Journal

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is an open access repository that collects the work of Arts et Métiers ParisTech researchers and makes it freely available over the web where possible. In this paper, infrared thermography is used to propose a simple quantitative approach toward understanding the thermal behaviour of a liquid-liquid biphasic millifluidic droplet flow under isoperibolic conditions. It is shown that due to the isoperibolic boundary condition, the thermal behaviour at the established periodic state can be managed according to different orders, i.e. either a continuous or fluctuating contribution. A complete analytical solution is proposed for the complex problem model, then a simplified model is proposed. Finally, a simple homogeneous equivalent thin body model approximation with a characteristic coefficient function of a biphasic flow mixing law is sufficient for describing the thermal behaviour of the media under isoperibolic conditions. From this theoretical validation, the experimental results concerning the behaviour of a biphasic oil and droplet flow are presented. An analytical representation law is proposed to quantitatively estimate and predict the thermal behaviour of the flow. Moreover, it is demonstrated that with this new method, the thermophysical properties of the phase can be estimated with a deviation less than 5% from that reported by the suppliers.

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“…If relevant thermographic data are not obtained an active approach can be taken, in which an additional heat source is used to generate the temperature difference which is not produced otherwise [1]. Thermal imaging is generally used in building diagnostics for detecting heat loss, missing or damaged insulation, thermal bridges, air leakages and excess moisture [2]. However, since the properties of subsurface defects can be detected and their quantitative characterization achieved by solving heat transfer problems using active IRT data, active IRT has been extensively used in NDT tests in a wide range of applications, including civil engineering ( [3], [4]).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of 3D heat diffusion to detect embedded 3D empty cracks

Serra¹,

Tadeu

Prata

et al. 2013

Applied Thermal Engineering

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This paper presents a 3D boundary element model (BEM), formulated in the frequency domain, to simulate heat diffusion by conduction in the vicinity of 3D cracks. The model intends to contribute to the interpretation of infrared thermography (IRT) data results and to explore the features of this nondestructive testing technique (NDT) when it is used to detect and characterize defects. The defect is assumed to be a null thickness crack embedded in an unbounded medium. The crack does not allow diffusion of energy, therefore null heat fluxes are prescribed along its boundary. The BEM is written in terms of normal-derivative integral equations (TBEM) in order to handle null thickness defects. The resulting hypersingular integrals are solved analytically.The applicability of the proposed methodology to defect detection tests is studied once the TBEM results have been verified by means of known analytical solutions. Heat diffusion generated by a 3D point heat source placed in the vicinity of a crack is modeled. The resulting thermal waves phase is compared with that obtained when the defect is absent, so as to understand the influence of crack characteristics on the IRT data results analysis, especially on the phase-contrast images. Parameters such as the size of the crack, its shape, its position (buried depth and inclination) and its distance from the heat source are analyzed. Some conclusions are drawn on the effects of varying those parameters.

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Infrared thermography for building diagnostics

Cited by 457 publications

References 8 publications

Influence of environmental parameters on the thermographic analysis of the building envelope

Influence of environmental parameters on the thermographic analysis of the building envelope

Quantitative thermal analysis of heat transfer in liquid–liquid biphasic millifluidic droplet flows

Application of 3D heat diffusion to detect embedded 3D empty cracks

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