Infrared thermography to locate impact damage in thin and thicker carbon/epoxy panels

Boccardi, Simone; Carlomagno, Giovanni Maria; Boffa, Natalino Daniele; Ricci, Fabrizio; Meola, Carosena

doi:10.1002/pen.24571

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…There is ongoing research on other non-destructive testing (NDT) techniques for more accurate evaluation and convenient implementation, such as acoustic emission (2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8) , guided waves (9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18) (e.g. piezoelectric transducer-based (19,20) and angle beam transducer-based (21,22) ), air-coupled ultrasonics (23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30) , thermography (31)(32)(33)(34)(35)(36) , optical fibre sensing (37)(38)(39)(40)(41)(42) , digital image correlation (DIC) (43)(44)(45)(46)(47)(48) , electromagnetic testing (49)(50)…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of microwave techniques used in the manufacture and fault detection of aircraft composites

Li¹,

Wang²,

Haigh³

et al. 2020

Aeronaut. j.

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Microwaves are a form of electromagnetic radiation commonly used for telecommunications, navigation and food processing. More recently microwave technologies have found applications in fibre-reinforced polymer composites, which are increasingly used in aircraft structures. Microwave energy can be applied with low power (up to milliwatts) for non-destructive testing and high power (up to kilowatts) for heating/curing purposes. The state-of-the-art applications at high power include curing, three-dimensional (3D) printing, joining and recycling, whereas low-power microwave techniques can provide quality checks, strain sensing and damage inspection. Low-power microwave testing has the advantage of being non-contact, there is no need for surface transducers or couplants, it is operator friendly and relatively inexpensive; high-power microwave energy can offer volumetric heating, reduced processing time and energy saving with no ionising hazards. In this paper the recent research progress is reviewed, identifying achievements and challenges. First, the critical electromagnetic properties of composites that are closely related to the heating and sensing performance are discussed. Then, representative case studies are presented. Finally, the trends are outlined, including intelligent/automated inspection and solid-state heating.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of microwave techniques used in the manufacture and fault detection of aircraft composites

Li¹,

Wang²,

Haigh³

et al. 2020

Aeronaut. j.

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“…Boccardi et al. 7 utilized infrared thermography to research the impact damage behaviors of laminates and found that in thinner laminates occurred permanent damage at low impact energy. Curtis et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Up to now, extensive studies have been carried out to investigate the damage initiation and propagation of composites under out-of-plane impact. Boccardi et al 7 utilized infrared thermography to research the impact damage behaviors of laminates and found that in thinner laminates occurred permanent damage at low impact energy. Curtis et al 8 studied the damage, deformation and residual burst strength of composite tubes subjected to impact and quasi-static indentation, respectively.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quasi-static indentation damage and residual compressive failure analysis of carbon fiber composites using acoustic emission and micro-computed tomography

Zhang

Zhou

Zhang

2019

Journal of Composite Materials

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In present research, the internal damage evolution and failure characteristics of carbon fiber woven composites under indentation and residual compressive loads were studied by using acoustic emission technology and X-ray micro-computed tomography. Real-time acoustic emission signals originating from internal damage of composites under applied loads were obtained and analyzed by the k-means clustering algorithm. Moreover, the internal damage characteristics were observed by the reconstructed three-dimensional model and the slice images of composite specimens. The results showed that the higher the indentation force reading, the more acoustic emission signals with high amplitude and frequency (over 300 kHz) are generated. Furthermore, the early acoustic emission signals with high-frequency were observed under residual compressive loads. It can be attributed to serious failures of fibers with the increase of static indentation loads. In addition, the internal damages such as delamination, debonding, crack and fiber breakage can be clearly characterized by micro-computed tomography and scanning electron microscopy observation. The complementary technology combing acoustic emission with micro-computed tomography can provide a better understanding of internal damages and evolution behaviors of the composites.

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“…Various studies have investigated the impact damage and response of CFRP laminate. He et al [18][19][20], Petronyuk et al [21] and Boccardi et al [22] have done considerable research on the nondestructive testing methods of composite laminate subjected to impact loads through the techniques of pulsed eddy current (PEC), impulse acoustic microscopy and infrared thermography. Jang et al [23][24][25][26] has investigated the impact signals obtained from the high-speed fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensor system on CFRP laminates.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Cycling Low Velocity Impact on Mechanical and Wear Properties of CFRP Laminate Composites

Sun

Cai

et al. 2018

Chin. J. Mech. Eng.

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The mechanical and wear properties of CFRP laminate were investigated using a method of cycling low velocity impact, to study the trend and mechanism of impact resistance of the CFRP laminate under repeated impact during its service process. The interface responses of CFRP laminate under different impact kinetic energy during the cycling impact process were studied were studied experimentally, such as impact contact duration, deformation and energy absorption. The worn surface morphologies were observed through optical microscopy and a 3-D surface profiler and the cross-sectional morphologies were observed through SEM to investigate the mechanism of impact material damage. Based on a single-degree-of-freedom damping vibration model, the normal contact stiffness and contact damping of the material in different wear stages were calculated. It shows the failure process of CFRP laminate damaged by accumulated absorption energy under the cycling impact of different initial kinetic energy. The results indicate that the stiffness and damping coefficients will change at different impact velocities or cycle numbers. The damage mechanism of CFRP laminates under cycling low kinetic energy is delamination. After repeated experiments, it was found that there was a threshold value for the accumulated absorption energy before the failure of the CFRP laminate.

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Infrared thermography to locate impact damage in thin and thicker carbon/epoxy panels

Cited by 7 publications

References 15 publications

Review of microwave techniques used in the manufacture and fault detection of aircraft composites

Review of microwave techniques used in the manufacture and fault detection of aircraft composites

Quasi-static indentation damage and residual compressive failure analysis of carbon fiber composites using acoustic emission and micro-computed tomography

Effect of Cycling Low Velocity Impact on Mechanical and Wear Properties of CFRP Laminate Composites

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