Infrasound Studies for Yield Estimation of HE Explosions

Golden, Paul; Howard, Jesse

doi:10.21236/ada545089

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 5 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Station noise levels produce noticeable scatter in period measurements, suggesting this may be a contributing cause to some of the large scatter, particularly for low SNR recordings. This is consistent with the results from Golden et al (2012) who found that the dominant frequency in some cases occurs within a broader plateau making period measurements imprecise. 2.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…6. Measurement uncertainty and/or broad frequency peaks leading to imprecise dominant period measurements (Golden et al, 2012) The goal of this study is to examine the infrasonic signals produced by a large sample of bolides, which have known properties as reported on the Web by NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) 1 . These data are based on U.S. government sensor detections of bolides and report bolide characteristics including location, time, energy, height, speed, and entry angle for a subset of events.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Refinement of bolide characteristics from infrasound measurements

Brown

2017

Planetary and Space Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We have detected and performed signal measurements on 78 individual bolide events as recorded at 179 infrasound stations between 2006 and 2015. We compared period-yield relations with AFTAC nuclear period-yield data, finding these to be similar with a slight offset. Scatter in period measurements for individual bolide is found to be caused in part by station noise levels and by attenuation effects with range. No correlation was found between the infrasound signal period and any of bolide height at peak brightness, entry speed or impact angle. We examined in detail three well constrained bolides having energy deposition curves, known trajectories and infrasound detections finding some evidence at shorter ranges that a component of station period scatter is due to varying source heights sampled by different stations. However, for longer-range stations in these three case studies, we were not able to assign unique source heights using raytracing due to large uncertainties in atmospheric conditions. Our results suggest that while source height contributes to the observed variance in infrasound signal periods from a given bolide, range and station noise play a larger role.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Refinement of bolide characteristics from infrasound measurements

Brown

2017

Planetary and Space Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In general, infrasound-based yield relations, including those of LANL and AFTAC, are associated with large uncertainties, which can amount from a factor of two up to more than one order of magnitude 17 . We find that the AFTAC and LANL (HWM14) relations correspond well in resulting maximum yields around 1 kt TNT but differ in range (0.86-1.47 kt TNT opposed to 0.22-1.35 kt TNT).…”

Section: Infrasonic Signatures Observed At Thousands Of Kilometers Di...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Yield estimation of the 2020 Beirut explosion using open access waveform and remote sensing data

Pilger

Gaebler

Hupe

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We report on a multi-technique analysis using publicly available data for investigating the huge, accidental explosion that struck the city of Beirut, Lebanon, on August 4, 2020. Its devastating shock wave led to thousands of injured with more than two hundred fatalities and caused immense damage to buildings and infrastructure. Our combined analysis of seismological, hydroacoustic, infrasonic and radar remote sensing data allows us to characterize the source as well as to estimate the explosive yield. The latter is determined within 0.13 to 2 kt TNT (kilotons of trinitrotoluene). This range is plausible given the reported 2.75 kt of ammonium nitrate as explosive source. As there are strict limitations for an on-site analysis of this catastrophic explosion, our presented approach based on data from open accessible global station networks and satellite missions is of high scientific and social relevance that furthermore is transferable to other explosions.

show abstract

“…These percentiles differ by a factor of two per rocket type, whereas the total amplitude range spans over more than one magnitude order. Such uncertainties are not uncommon for infrasound-based yield/energy relations for explosion-like sources (Golden et al, 2012) because of underlying assumptions concerning propagation and detection conditions and source characteristics. We point out three simplified assumptions leading to Equation 1.…”

Section: Amplitude-energy Relationmentioning

confidence: 99%

1001 Rocket Launches for Space Missions and Their Infrasonic Signature

Pilger

Hupe

Gaebler

et al. 2021

Geophysical Research Letters

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Infrasound array processing is applied to monitor and characterize atmospheric explosions in the context of the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty. Anyhow, for many infrasound sources the exact location and time are initially unknown and sometimes difficult to precisely estimate afterwards. In contrast, rocket launches are well-defined groundtruth events generating strong infrasonic signatures. During the last decade, the number of rocket launches for sending satellites into Earths orbit and for reaching space strongly increased. We collected ground-truth information for 1001 rocket launches from 27 global spaceports between 2009 and mid 2020 and were able to identify infrasound signatures from up to 73% of the launches on the International Monitoring System of infrasound stations. We use these unique data to estimate the global detectability of such events, to characterize rocket infrasound, to derive an amplitude-energy relation, and to provide the results for further use as a ground-truth reference in geophysical and atmospheric research.

show abstract

Infrasound Studies for Yield Estimation of HE Explosions

Cited by 8 publications

References 5 publications

Refinement of bolide characteristics from infrasound measurements

Refinement of bolide characteristics from infrasound measurements

Yield estimation of the 2020 Beirut explosion using open access waveform and remote sensing data

1001 Rocket Launches for Space Missions and Their Infrasonic Signature

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About