Ingesta dietética y adherencia a la dieta mediterránea en un grupo de estudiantes universitarios en función de la práctica deportiva

Abstract

Ingesta dietética y adherencia a la dieta mediterránea en un grupo de estudiantes universitarios en función de la práctica deportiva AbstractIntroduction: University students eating habits are moving away increasingly from the Mediterranean Diet (MD) Both nutrition and physical activity are essential to preserve an appropriate health. Objective: To compare food intake between athletes and sedentary University students. Subjects and methods: Cross-sectional study conducted on 49 students from the University of Valladolid. The weight and height were determined. The physical activity was evaluated by the GPAQ questionnaire. A food frequency questionnaire and a three-day food record were completed for the food intake analysis. The MD adherence was estimated by the Mediterranean Diet Score (MDS). Differences by sex and sport practice were analyzed with the T-test or with the Mann-Whitney-test. Statistical signifi cance was reached at p < 0.05. Results: All subjects had normal weight with no signifi cant differences depending on the sports practice. Women had a lower physical activity level than men. The diet in the whole sample was slightly hyperproteic, rich in fats and cholesterol, with an inadequate fat profi le and poor in carbohydrates and fi ber. Generally, the students covered the micronutrients requirements. There was a scarce consumption of fruits and vegetables, cereals, olive oil, fi sh and nuts; and an excessive intake of meat, butter, processed bakery foods, sweets, snacks and soft drinks. Around 50% of the sample had a low or very low MD adherence. Conclusion: The University student food pattern does not accomplish the nutritional objectives within the Spanish population and have a medium-low Mediterranean diet adherence, and there are no differences depending on the sports practice. ResumenIntroducción: la alimentación de los jóvenes universitarios se aleja cada vez más de la dieta mediterránea (DM). El binomio alimentación-actividad física es fundamental para mantener un adecuado estado de salud. Objetivo: comparar la ingesta en un grupo de estudiantes universitarios deportistas frente a otro que no realiza deporte habitualmente. Sujetos y métodos: estudio observacional transversal realizado en 49 voluntarios de la Universidad de Valladolid. Se determinaron peso, talla y actividad física (cuestionario GPAQ). La ingesta se evaluó a partir de un cuestionario de frecuencia de consumo y un registro de alimentos de 3 días. La adherencia a la DM se estimó con el Mediterranean Diet Score. Las diferencias entre las variables en función del sexo y la práctica deportiva se analizaron con la t de Student o la U-Mann-Whitney. Signifi cación estadística: p < 0,05. Resultados: todos los sujetos presentaron normopeso, sin diferencias en función de la práctica deportiva. El nivel de actividad física fue inferior en las mujeres. En todos los estudiantes la dieta fue ligeramente hiperproteica, rica en grasas y colesterol, con un inadecuado perfi l lipídico y defi ciente en hidratos de carbono y fi bra. Se cubren los r...

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“…Comparing our results with those of other available studies, the Spanish squash players reported a consumption of foods of higher protein content that seems lower in comparison to the dietary patterns observed among adolescent badminton players, who consumed 2-3 daily servings of meat and eggs (da Silva et al, 2007). However, they would partially coincide with the findings of the study of university badminton and basketball players by Redondo et al, who reported a reduced consumption of fish, but an excess intake of meat (Redondo del Río, 2016). Although the caloric percentage and ingested amount of proteins in the diets of our sample are not available, the studies carried out in other racquet sports found that protein consumption provided more than 15% of the total caloric intake (Juzwiak, Amancio, Vitalle, Pinheiro, &Szejnfeld, 2008;Ramires et al, 2012;Vitasovic et al, 2009).…”

“…The international players had a greater consumption of nuts (5 or 6 times per week) than the national level players (twice a week). For comparative purposes, the only study focused on racquet sports in which the consumption of nuts was analyzed was that of Redondo et al (Redondo del Río, 2016), who reported a consumption of less than 2 servings per week, similar to that of our national players. A study of elite canoeists found that one in three did not usually eat nuts (Alacid et al, 2014).…”

Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet Is Associated with Physical Activity, Self-Concept and Sociodemographic Factors in University Student

“…Students with low adherence to the MD tended also to not engage in physical activity, whilst those typically adhering to a MD diet also show higher levels of physical activity [50,51,52]. One potential explanation for this is that young people who practice physical activity tend to consume a nutritious diet to obtain greater results in terms of performance, body image, or wellbeing [53,54].…”

“REOFUT” as an Observation Tool for Tactical Analysis on Offensive Performance in Soccer: Mixed Method Perspective

“…Therefore, in order to maximize the appropriateness and/or utility of the instruments used, whether quantitative or qualitative, the aim of this work is to describe the process of building and optimizing the development of a qualitative instrument, which will enable to integrate qualitative records with a quantitative analysis. Thus, this work developed a new observation instrument from a mixed method perspective to analyze the offensive collective performance and the tactical characteristics of the action of collective offensive game in soccer, considering the behavior of the opponent team and also contextual dimensions, it also verified the reliability of such instrument, bearing in mind that this methodology is ideal for research on behaviors that occur in soccer (Anguera and Hernández-Mendo, 2013, 2014).…”