Ingestion of high doses of fish oil increases the susceptibility of cellular membranes to the induction of oxidative stress

Garrido, Argélia; Garrido, Fernando; Guerra, Ricardo; Valenzuela, Alfonso

doi:10.1007/bf02544593

Cited by 102 publications

(38 citation statements)

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“…In studies on rats, low doses of ®sh oil (with a large concentration of LCPUFA) enriched with a-tocopherol led to a marked increase a-tocopherol in erythrocytes (Garrido et al, 1989) and in heart (Chautan et al, 1990). In adults, a metabolic control mechanism speci®cally modulates membrane tocopherol content by homoeostatically ensuring membrane integrity despite the high PUFA content (Berlin et al, 1992) and LCPUFA supplementation in infants may have similar effects.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Plasma and erythrocyte α-tocopherol and plasma retinol concentrations in term infants fed formula enriched with long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids

et al. 1998

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Objective: To assess the effect of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA)-and vitamin Esupplemented formula feeding on erythrocyte and plasma a-tocopherol (VE), and plasma retinol (VA) concentrations in neonates and to compare these values with those found in infants feeding on infant formula without LCPUFA or breast milk Setting: University Hospital of Granada, Spain. Subjects: 49 full-term infants. Design and intervention: Subjects who chose not to breast feed were fed either (i) unsupplemented infant formula (F) or (ii) infant formula supplemented with LCPUFA and vitamin E (FL). a-Tocopherol and retinol were measured at 7 days, 1 month and 3 months. Results: Plasma and erythrocyte VE concentrations and plasma VE/total lipids ratio increased signi®cantly in all groups at 1 month of life (P`0.05), but did not change signi®cantly between 1 month and 3 months in any group (P b 0.05). Erythrocyte VE and VA retinol concentrations were higher in infants fed an infant formula than in breast milk-fed infants at 1 month of life (P`0.05). Finally, there were no signi®cant differences in plasma or erythrocyte VE levels, plasma VA or plasma VE/total lipid ratio between any groups at 3 months of life (P b 0.05). Conclusion: Infants fed on LCPUFA-and vitamin E-supplemented infant formula for 3 months have similar vitamin E and A status to infants fed on breast milk or infant formula without LCPUFA supplementation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Vitamin A was determined as retinol. We used direct extraction without saponi®cation and reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) to measure the vitamins, as described previously (Gonza Âlez-Corbella et al, 1994). In brief, 100 ml of plasma or 150 ml of erythrocyte suspension samples was taken.…”

Section: Blood Sampling and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma and erythrocyte α-tocopherol and plasma retinol concentrations in term infants fed formula enriched with long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids

et al. 1998

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“…Moreover, aging appears to be an important factor in the development of this susceptibility. Aged rats, fed ®sh oil show a higher susceptibility to develop tissue lipid peroxidation than young ones (Garrido et al, 1989(Garrido et al, , 1993.…”

Section: Metabolicagenetic Diseasementioning

confidence: 93%

Essential fatty acids as determinants of lipid requirements in infants, children and adults

1999

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“…More generally, negative effects of dietary n-3 LC-PUFA have been attributed with the pro-oxidant effect of LC-PUFA (Garrido et al, 1989;Tsuduki et al, 2011). This can occur through the use of dietary sources that already contain oxidized lipids if not prepared/stored properly with appropriate anti-oxidant protection, but also through pro-oxidant effects in vivo (Albert et al, 2013;Garcia-Hernandez et al, 2013).…”

Section: Negative Reportsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids and aquaculture in perspective

2015

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Abbreviations: ARA, arachidonic acid (20:4n-6); CVD, cardiovascular disease; DHA, docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n-3); DPA, docosapentaenoic acid (22:5n-3); EFA, essential fatty acid; Elovl, fatty acid elongase; EPA, eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5n-3); Fads, fatty acyl desaturase; FM, fishmeal; FO, fish oil; LC-PUFA, long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (≥ C20 ≥ 3 double bonds); LOA, linoleic acid (18:2n-6); LNA, linolenic acid (18:3n-3); PUFA, polyunsaturated fatty acid; TAG, triacylglycerol; VO, vegetable oil. ABSTRACTIn the 40 years since the essentiality of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in fish was first established by determining quantitative requirements for 18:3n-3 and 18:2n-6 in rainbow trout, essential fatty acid (EFA) research has gone through distinct phases. For 20 years the focus was primarily on determining qualitative and quantitative EFA requirements of fish species. Nutritional and biochemical studies showed major differences between fish species based on whether C 18 PUFA or long-chain (LC)-PUFA were required to satisfy requirements. In contrast, in the last 20 years, research emphasis shifted to determining "optimal" levels of EFA to support growth of fish fed diets with increased lipid content and where growth expectations were much higher. This required greater knowledge of the roles and functions of EFA in metabolism and physiology, and how these impacted on fish health and disease. Requirement studies were more focused on early life stages, in particular larval marine fish, defining not only levels, but also balances between different EFA. Finally, a major driver in the last 10-15 years has been the unavoidable replacement of fish oil and fishmeal in feeds and the impacts that this can have on n-3 LC-PUFA contents of diets and farmed fish, and the human consumer. Thus, dietary n-3 in fish feeds can be defined by three levels.Firstly, the minimum level required to satisfy EFA requirements and thus prevent nutritional pathologies. This level is relatively small and easy to supply even with today's current high demand for fish oil. The second level is that required to sustain maximum growth and optimum health in fish being fed modern high-energy diets. The balance between different PUFA and LC-PUFA is important and defining them is more challenging, and so ideal levels and balances are still not well understood, particularly in relation to fish health. The third level is currently driving much research; how can we supply sufficient n-3 LC-PUFA to maintain the nutritional quality of farmed fish at the same level as 20 years ago, and similar or better than in wild fish? This level far exceeds the biological requirements of the fish itself and to satisfy it we require entirely new sources of n-3 LC-PUFA. We cannot rely on the finite and limited marine resources that we can sustainably harvest or 3 efficiently recycle. We need to produce n-3 LC-PUFA de novo and all possible options should be considered.Keywords: Fish oil; essential fatty acids; nutrition; health; metabolism; sustainability 4 Highl...

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Ingestion of high doses of fish oil increases the susceptibility of cellular membranes to the induction of oxidative stress

Cited by 102 publications

References 11 publications

Plasma and erythrocyte α-tocopherol and plasma retinol concentrations in term infants fed formula enriched with long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids

Plasma and erythrocyte α-tocopherol and plasma retinol concentrations in term infants fed formula enriched with long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids

Essential fatty acids as determinants of lipid requirements in infants, children and adults

Omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids and aquaculture in perspective

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