Inguinal hernia with complete urinary bladder herniation: a case report and review of the literature

Abstract

Although inguinal hernias are common, inguinal herniation of the urinary bladder wall is rare. Moreover, the complete migration of the urinary bladder into the scrotum is considered less frequent. The majority of patients with bladder hernias are asymptomatic and diagnosis is made intraoperatively; however, difficulties in urination may lead to the correct diagnosis. We report about a case of a large right-sided scrotal hernia with complete bladder herniation presenting without urological symptoms.

Vesical tumor within an inguinal bladder hernia: A case report

“… 4 , 2 The majority of patients are asymptomatic, although atypical or nonspecific symptoms, such as urinary frequency, urgency, nocturia, and hematuria, may occasionally be reported, as were by our patient. 1 , 5 , 4 …”

“…A preoperative diagnosis can be made through history, physical examination, and imaging (by ultrasonography, cystography, and/or CT), which can help prevent the occurrence of intraoperative complications, such as bladder injury and leakage. 3 , 1 , 5 , 4 A literature search revealed hundreds of inguinal hernia cases containing the bladder, of which only 21 cases contained a bladder neoplasm.…”

“…Most of the cases described in the literature were also diagnosed perioperatively. 4 CT scans have been used to accurately diagnose and stage the tumor, 5 as were utilized in our case. We identified multiple papillary tumors on cystoscopy and performed TURBT.…”

Urinary bladder-containing incarcerated inguinoscrotal hernia: a case report

“…Inguinoscrotal bladder herniation consists only 1–5% of inguinal hernias and occurs mainly after the fifth decade of age, with a morbidity of 1–4%, affecting males 10 times more than females. Other than male gender, it is suggested that factors such as obesity, weakening of the bladder tone and the abdominopelvic wall, and bladder-outlet obstruction with bladder distention are responsible for this condition [ 2 ]. Although small bladder hernias remain asymptomatic, patients with large bladder hernias usually complain about scrotal edema, decreased force of stream on urination, dysuria, double micturition through manual compression of the hernia and diminution of the scrotal edema after urination, called Mery’s sign [ 3 ].…”

Inguinoscrotal herniation of the bladder: A rare case of obstructive uropathy

“…Inguinoscrotal herniation of the bladder is a rare cause of inguinal hernia and obstructive uropathy. 1 , 2 Without treatment, patients can develop kidney injury, infection involving the urinary tract, or bladder infarction. 1 , 2 We present a case of complicated bladder herniation requiring multidisciplinary management by nephrology, urology, and interventional radiology.…”