Inhalation Anesthesiology and Volatile Liquid Anesthetics: Focus on Isoflurane, Desflurane, and Sevoflurane

Sakai, Eileen M.; Connolly, Lois A.; Klauck, James A.

doi:10.1592/phco.2005.25.12.1773

Cited by 101 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…The impetus for this study was the increased mortality that we had experienced using ketamine, an NMDA receptor channel blocker, in certain mutant mouse strains, and our desire to find an easy-to-use, safe, and economical alternative. We chose the inhalation anesthetic, isoflurane, a halogenated ether compound [22] that is commonly used in veterinary anesthesia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isoflurane is an effective alternative to ketamine/xylazine/acepromazine as an anesthetic agent for the mouse electroretinogram

et al. 2007

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The electroretinogram (ERG) is an essential measure of retinal function for studying mouse models of retinal disease. Ketamine, in combination with xylazine and/or acepromazine, is the most commonly used anesthetic agent. Although it works well in most situations, some fragile mouse strains have high mortality rates with this ketamine cocktail. We compared isoflurane with the ketamine cocktail in a longitudinal study of light-adapted and dark-adapted ERGs in C57BL/6J mice. Waveforms were averaged, oscillatory potentials (OPs) were extracted by digital filtration, and key ERG parameters were analyzed. The ERG waveforms were qualitatively similar with both anesthetics, and the male and female ERG parameters did not show significant differences. For light-adapted ERGs, b-wave amplitude and implicit time, and wavelet index were decreased under isoflurane anesthesia, whereas for dark-adapted ERGs, a- and b-wave implicit times were decreased and wavelet index was increased. The dark-adapted b-wave amplitude showed a significant inverse correlation with animal weight and age. Rod phototransduction gain and the Naka-Rushton n and R (max) parameters were the same for both anesthetics, and only the Naka-Rushton log k parameter was significantly elevated for isoflurane anesthesia. We propose that isoflurane is a satisfactory alternative to the ketamine cocktail for anesthesia in the mouse ERG. Precise quantitative comparisons, however, should only employ study designs using isoflurane versus isoflurane, or ketamine versus ketamine. Moreover, in light of the effects of both isoflurane and the ketamine cocktail on blood glucose levels, it would be prudent to control the fasting state of the animals in quantitative ERG studies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isoflurane is an effective alternative to ketamine/xylazine/acepromazine as an anesthetic agent for the mouse electroretinogram

et al. 2007

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“…(d) Variously flavored and textured foods can be given for enrichment purposes, soft or liquid high-calorie foods (on the left) can speed recovery after surgery or in frail animals. Reproduced from figure 9.20.10 of Sevoflurane also appears to have a more favorable side effect profile in humans, and there is evidence it produces less respiratory depression and Ca 2+ release, which is associated with malignant hyperthermia, in mice (Kunst et al 1999;Groeben et al 2004;Sakai et al 2005). Monitor the level of anesthesia throughout the operation based on the respiration of the animal.…”

Section: Catheter Implantation Surgery In the Mousementioning

confidence: 99%

Intravenous Drug Self-administration in Mice: Practical Considerations

Thomsen

Caine

2006

Behav Genet

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Chronic intravenous drug self-administration in rodents is a useful procedure for predicting the abuse liability of novel drugs in humans, for evaluating candidate treatments for drug abuse and dependence, and for studying the biological basis of addiction. Despite the technical challenge in achieving chronic self-administration behavior in the mouse species, researchers are increasingly using genetically engineered mice to investigate the role of specific genes in abuse-related effects of drugs. This review focuses on recent technical innovations as well as theoretical considerations for comparing intravenous (i.v.) drug self-administration behavior between mouse strains, including mice with targeted mutations. Part I of the present article describes techniques for successfully conducting self-administration studies in mice, including advantages, disadvantages and possible implications of employing various experimental approaches. Part II provides a review of recent data that address how the genetic background on which mutations are expressed may influence results from gene-targeting studies.

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“…In humans, isoflurane is known to cause airway irritation, producing coughing in about 40% of patients (TerRiet et al, 2000). Isoflurane also causes breath holding, laryngospasm and excessive salivation in humans, dogs, cats and rabbits (Doi and Ikeda, 1993;Mutoh et al, 2001;Sakai et al, 2005;Yentis et al, 1996). These reactions can occur even at pre-anaesthetic concentrations (Goodwin et al, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%