Inhalation Health Risk Assessment for the Human Tracheobronchial Tree under PM Exposure in a Bus Stop Scene

Xu, Xiaoyu; Shang, Yidan; Tian, Lin; Weng, Wenguo; Tu, Jiyuan

doi:10.4209/aaqr.2018.09.0343

Cited by 19 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…The bus stop density has a significant positive influence on the incidence of lung cancer. It has been found in the studies that the longer waiting time at the bus stop will cause longer exposure to air pollutants, leading to a higher risk of respiratory diseases [ 36 , 37 ], and some studies have suggested that bus stops could enhance accessibility and community social network and increase residents' physical activity [ 38 ], so as to effectively reduce the risk of respiratory diseases; moreover, it is also conducive to the daily activities of the elderly, thus effectively providing the daily activity space for the elderly and a guideline for a healthy lifestyle [ 39 ]. The results of this study show that higher bus stop density will contribute to the higher incidence of lung cancer, for which the reason may be that public transportation serves as the main mode of traffic travel in the study area, and the bus stops are always established at the places with higher population density and the aggregation places of elderly population, and the elderly are more susceptible to the influence of the built environment [ 40 ], so more bus stops will increase the crowd gathering risk and increase the exposure to environmental pollution while providing convenient transportation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple Impacts of Urban Built and Natural Environment on Lung Cancer Incidence: A Case Study in Bengbu

Jia

et al. 2023

Journal of Healthcare Engineering

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Tumours are the main disease affecting the health of the Chinese population, and lung cancer is the malignancy with the highest incidence. Hence, the need to study and analyse the population of lung cancer incidence in order to effectively control and prevent it. In this research, we discuss the demographic characteristics of lung cancer incidence population of 2014 to 2020 from the perspective of multiple urban environmental factors, taking Bengbu city in the Huaihe River Basin of China as the research area, analyse the correlation between environmental indicators and lung cancer incidence population through the Spearman’s rank correlation assessment model, and analyse the interaction between the influence factors of a geographic detector to analyse the influence of urban environmental factors. The results showed the followings: (1) The distribution characteristics of lung cancer incidence population were mainly geriatric population and spatially mainly fell in the old urban area of the study area, and the population distribution had clustered characteristics. (2) Through Spearman’s rank correlation analysis, the land use, road traffic, spatial form, service facilities, and the open space of green space of the urban-built environment as well as the natural environment are all correlated with the incidence of lung cancer. (3) Factor detection and interaction analysis revealed a greater effect of spring and winter on lung cancer prevalence. In addition, the road intersection density and the distance to industrial are the most important potential influencing factors, and the interaction of any two factors will increase the risk of lung cancer.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple Impacts of Urban Built and Natural Environment on Lung Cancer Incidence: A Case Study in Bengbu

Jia

et al. 2023

Journal of Healthcare Engineering

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“…It was estimated that 830 out of 10,000 (830 × 10 -4 ) exposed cement manufacturing workers in Tehran had an excess lifetime risk of mortality caused by lung cancer (Rice et al, 2001). Studies on Cr (VI) exposure have found high cancer risk among respondents (Fang et al, 2013;Othman et al, 2016;Sulong et al, 2017;Xu et al, 2019). Industrial contributes to 68.7% of arsenic emission into the environment with 0.04 × 10 -4 times of cancer risk (Tsai et al, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exposure to Silica, Arsenic, and Chromium (VI) in Cement Workers: A Probability Health Risk Assessment

Kamaludin

Jalaludin

Tamrin

et al. 2020

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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Cement mineral dust contains a variety of carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic substances. The study aimed to determine the probability of health risk among cement workers due to respirable silica (Si), arsenic (As), and chromium (Cr) VI dust exposure. A cross-sectional study was carried out among 123 cement workers. A personal air sampling pump was used to assess respirable cement dust exposure. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was used for As, and Cr analysis, and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) was used for Si analysis. The Fractional Exhaled Nitric Oxide levels and lung function test were obtained by using NIOX MINO and Chestgraph H1-105 spirometer. Risk assessment was calculated by using the incremental lifetime cancer risk (ILCR) and non-cancerous hazard quotient (HQ). The geometric mean and standard deviation of respirable Si and Cr dust concentrations were 5.27 ± 2.36 mg m-3 and 1.53 ± 2.47 mg m-3 , respectively, in manufacturing workers. The mean concentration for As in administrative workers was 0.07 ± 0.02 mg m-3. After controlling for confounders, the abnormalities of FVC% predicted and FEV 1 % predicted were significantly associated with the respirable Si dust among cement workers (OR = 6.913; CI = 1.965-24.322 and OR = 18.320; CI = 3.078-109.027). FENO concentrations in administrative workers were significantly influenced by the exposure to respirable Si dust (R 2 = 0.584, p = 0.006). Manufacturing workers had a high probability of getting cancer due to Si exposure in cement respirable dust at 29.81 × 10-4 times compared to administrative workers at 4.14 × 10-4 times. After reducing for control factors, the probability of manufacturing workers reduced to 0.45 × 10-4 times. As and Cr (VI) dust exposures among cement workers had a probability of cancer risk of 7.49 × 10-4 and 44.09 × 10-4 times, respectively, after reducing for control factors. The non-cancerous disease risk of the workers from exposure to cement mineral dust exceeded the acceptance limit (HQ > 1). Cement workers were at high risk of developing cancerous and non-cancerous diseases due to exposure while working. Cement workers were highly exposed to respirable Si, As, and Cr dust above the permissible exposure limit.

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“…Based on a single bifurcation element (Heistracher and Hofmann, 1995;Phillips and Kaye, 1997), Tian and Ahmadi (2012) proposed a multi-level asymmetric lung bifurcation model (G0-G3), flexible to be extended, for airflow and particle transport investigation. More recently, up to the 6 th , 7 th and 15 th generation of anatomical tracheobronchial tree models were used by Koullapis et al (2016), Lintermann et al (2017), Frederix et al (2018), Xu et al (2019) and Dong et al (2019a, b) for regional aerosol deposition studies. Clearly seen from these research investigations, both anatomical reconstruction and the mathematical simplified modeling approaches were engaged.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Combined Computational and Experimental Study on Nanoparticle Transport and Partitioning in the Human Trachea and Upper Bronchial Airways

Chen

et al. 2020

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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In the past few decades, the transport and deposition of aerosol in the human respiratory tract has been a crucial area of research, resulting in the identification of the toxicity pathways of inhaled pollutants and facilitating the design of efficient drug delivery systems for targeted treatment. Owing to the complexity of the tracheobronchial tree, experimental studies in vivo/in vitro have been extremely limited; hence, detailed data on the airflow and particle dynamics have been obtained predominantly through computational investigations. With rapid advances in medical imaging and computational capacities, sophisticated human tracheobronchial trees that include the 6 th , 7 th or 15 th generation have been increasingly described in the literature. However, continued progress in anatomical reconstruction and mathematical idealized modeling, the two most frequently employed approaches to airway modeling, requires a detailed fundamental analysis on the morphology-induced sensitivity of particle-flow partitioning, and particle deposition in the airways. This study combined numerical and experimental investigations on the transport, deposition and partitioning of nanoparticles in the upper tracheobronchial airways. An anatomically realistic airway was reconstructed via CT scans, and a simplified numerical model was developed that incorporated physical irregularities in the trachea and assessed new boundary conditions to simulate air partitioning in the lobar bronchi, and flow and particle dynamics. An experiment measuring the penetration and deposition of sodium chloride (NaCl) nanoparticles in the anatomical and idealized airway models was conducted in parallel, and the results were compared with the computational predictions.

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Inhalation Health Risk Assessment for the Human Tracheobronchial Tree under PM Exposure in a Bus Stop Scene

Cited by 19 publications

References 35 publications

Multiple Impacts of Urban Built and Natural Environment on Lung Cancer Incidence: A Case Study in Bengbu

Multiple Impacts of Urban Built and Natural Environment on Lung Cancer Incidence: A Case Study in Bengbu

Exposure to Silica, Arsenic, and Chromium (VI) in Cement Workers: A Probability Health Risk Assessment

A Combined Computational and Experimental Study on Nanoparticle Transport and Partitioning in the Human Trachea and Upper Bronchial Airways

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