Inhaled Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors for the Treatment of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Valaciclovir for Epstein-Barr Virus Suppression in Moderate-to-Severe COPD

“…It should be noted that the antiinflammatory drugs currently used in clinical practice for the treatment of COPD, namely inhaled corticosteroids and the phosphodiesterase type 4 inhibitor roflumilast, cause relatively small improvements in FEV 1 (approximately ≤ 70 mL), which have been demonstrated using larger sample sizes and a longer duration of treatment than in the current study. 26 , 27 We found no difference in self-reported quality of life, suggesting that treatment of EBV does not ameliorate the chronic respiratory symptom burden in the short term.…”

“…Novel adjunctive therapies such as azithromycin and roflumilast recently expanded the treatment arsenal against exacerbations. 27 However, despite their proven clinical efficacy, these medications often incur significant side effects, including risk of nontuberculous mycobacterial infection, antibiotic resistance, cardiac arrhythmia, and GI symptoms, which may limit their use in the long term. Valaciclovir could represent an attractive adjunctive therapy by virtue of its favorable side-effect profile; however, this study was not large or long enough to study treatment effects on exacerbations.…”

Pharmacological therapy for stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

“…Inhaled PDE‐4 inhibitors have been developed, exhibiting positive results in early clinical trials and adequate safety. Further trials are required to determine the efficacy of PDE‐4 inhibitors 31 …”

Ensifentrina e a Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crônica (DPOC): uma revisão da eficácia do novo inibidor da fosfodiesterase 3 e 4

“…O roflumilaste é um inibidor de PDE4 utilizado por via oral que produz atividade anti-inflamatória e reduz as taxas de exacerbações em pacientes com DPOC, porém apresenta altas taxas de efeitos adversos devido à exposição sistêmica, como perda de peso e alterações gastrointestinais. Para reduzir as alterações sistêmicas, foram desenvolvidos inibidores de PDE inalados, como a ensifentrina (Franciosi et al, 2013;Lea;Mathioudakis, 2021).…”