Inherent flaw size and fracture energy of polystyrene

Murray, J.; Hüll, D.

doi:10.1007/bf00552041

Cited by 24 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Nevertheless, measuring a fracture energy, an intrinsic material property that quantifies the capability of a material to resist propagation of a pre-existing crack, is missing in the literature for pristine ultrathin films despite its decisive role in determining the failure behavior of bulk polymer samples. , In the previous works, microprojectile impact tests have been applied to obtain the energy absorption of ultrathin films under high-strain-rate deformation, − and four-point bending tests and double-cantilever beam tests are used to measure the adhesive/cohesive fracture energies for multilayer thin-film systems or binary blends. − However, the influence of thermal energy dissipation and the substrate can obscure the quantitative measurement. The direct characterization of the fracture energies of ultrathin films can provide the most fundamental material–property relationships and guidelines for material selection and product development.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Directly Probing the Fracture Behavior of Ultrathin Polymeric Films

et al. 2021

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Understanding fracture mechanics of ultrathin polymeric films is crucial for modern technologies, including semiconductor and coating industries. However, up to now, the fracture behavior of sub-100 nm polymeric thin films is rarely explored due to challenges in handling samples and limited testing methods available. In this work, we report a new testing methodology that can not only visualize the evolution of the local stress distribution through wrinkling patterns and crack propagation during the deformation of ultrathin films but also directly measure their fracture energies. Using ultrathin polystyrene films as a model system, we both experimentally and computationally investigate the effect of the film thickness and molecular weight on their fracture behavior, both of which show a ductile-to-brittle transition. Furthermore, we demonstrate the broad applicability of this testing method in semicrystalline semiconducting polymers. We anticipate our methodology described here could provide new ways of studying the fracture behavior of ultrathin films under confinement.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Directly Probing the Fracture Behavior of Ultrathin Polymeric Films

et al. 2021

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“…Thus, a more reliable and quantitative parameter is required to describe the resistance of a material to crack propagation. The fracture energy

G_{c}

describes the capability of a material to resist the propagation of a preexisting crack 75,76 . While traditional testing methods rely on an underlying solid substrate, the unknown film‐substrate interactions and potential delamination can obscure the cohesion and adhesion fracture energy of thin films 77–81 .…”

Section: Progression Of Thin‐film Mechanical Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The fracture energy G c describes the capability of a material to resist the propagation of a preexisting crack. 75,76 F I G U R E 4 Schematics of water-assisted tensile testers. (A) 3D schematic of the pseudofree standing tensile tester and available testing methods.…”

Section: Stress-strain Measurements For Film-on-water Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water‐assisted mechanical testing of polymeric thin‐films

Song

Galuska

2021

Journal of Polymer Science

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Thin films with a nanometer-scale thickness are of great interest to both scientific and industrial communities due to their numerous applications and unique behaviors different from the bulk. However, the understanding of thinfilm mechanics is still greatly hampered due to their intrinsic fragility and the lack of commercially available experimental instruments. In this review, we first discuss the progression of thin-film mechanical testing methods based on the supporting substrate: film-on-solid substrate method, film-on-water tensile tests, and water-assisted free-standing tensile tests. By comparing past studies on a model polymer, polystyrene, the effect of different substrates and confinement effect on the thin-film mechanics is evaluated. These techniques have generated fruitful scientific knowledge in the field of organic semiconductors for the understanding of structure-mechanical property relationships. We end this review by providing our perspective for their bright prospects in much broader applications and materials of interest.

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“…Thus, the strength of any particular sample can be increased by reducing the size of these flaws [4][5][6][7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanism of Micro-Crack Propagation in Semicrystalline Polymers

Stern¹

2014

J. Res. Updates Polym. Sci.

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The development and propagation of cracks is the principle reason for premature mechanical failure of polymeric materials. The well known and widely accepted fracture theories, namely the Griffith fracture theory and the Irwin model, both assume that fracture takes place through the presence of preexisting cracks in the polymer. These minor preexisting cracks, or micro-cracks, are practically present in most polymeric samples. The Griffith approach assumes that for any particular material, the fracture stress is controlled by the size of the flaws present in the structure. The control and minimization of micro-crack size during polymer processing requires an understanding of the inherent micro-crack propagation mechanism. The present research reveals a mechanism of internal stress-induced micro-crack propagation in semicrystalline polymers and describes the effect of the intricate crystalline morphological interactions on the extent and direction of intra-spherulite and inter-spherulite micro-crack propagation. In conclusion, a method for minimizing inter-spherulite micro-crack propagation is presented in this article.

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Inherent flaw size and fracture energy of polystyrene

Cited by 24 publications

References 16 publications

Directly Probing the Fracture Behavior of Ultrathin Polymeric Films

Directly Probing the Fracture Behavior of Ultrathin Polymeric Films

Water‐assisted mechanical testing of polymeric thin‐films

Mechanism of Micro-Crack Propagation in Semicrystalline Polymers

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