Inherent superhydrophobicity of Sn/SnOx films prepared by surface self-passivation of electrodeposited porous dendritic Sn

Insights into the superhydrophobicity of metallic surfaces prepared by electrodeposition involving spontaneous adsorption of airborne hydrocarbons

“…For example, cauliflower-like Ni Cu P alloy coatings [33], flower-like Co [34,35], cone-like Ni with round cap [36], flower-like Ag [37], aggregated nanoparticles of Au, CuCl and Cu 2 O [38], and multiscaled Cu [39][40][41]. We also found that the deposited dendritic Sn [42,43] and Bi [44] with surface oxides behaved superhydrophobic without artificial surface modifications. However, the origin still remains unclear why the smooth hydrophilic metal surfaces become superhydrophobic just by making micro/nanostructures without further surface modifications.…”

“…We extended XPS analyses to other superhydrophobic metallic surfaces prepared by electrodeposition in this work and in our previous work [42][43][44], and the results are shown in Fig. 4.…”

“…(a) The survey scan, (b) Cu 2p 1/2 and Cu 2p 3/2 , (c) C 1s and (d) O 1s core level spectra. [43], and (f) Bi [44]. Fig.…”

Superhydrophobic carbon-based materials: a review of synthesis, structure, and applications

“…(1), where g SV is the interfacial tension between solid and vapor, g SL is the interfacial tension between solid and liquid, and g LV relates to the interfacial tension between liquid and vapor. Depending on the value of θ as measured by water, if θ is less than 90°, the surface is conventionally described as hydrophilic; if θ varies between 90° and 150°, the surface is hydrophobic; and if θ is greater than 150°, the surface is conventionally described as superhydrophobic [74][75][76][77][78][79][80][81].…”

Rapid fabrication of SERS substrate and superhydrophobic surface with different micro/nano-structures by electrochemical shaping of smooth Cu surface

“…However, artificial surface modifications by organics with low surface energy were necessary for superhydrophobicity. Our group also prepared several micro/nano-structured metal surfaces either by electrodeposition/electroless deposition [13][14][15][16] or by anodization [17], which behaved superhydrophobicity without any post-treatment and surface modifications. We have revealed that contamination of air-borne hydrocarbons from automatic adsorption endows these micro/nano-structured metal surfaces with superhydrophobicity [16].…”