Inheritance in poultry

Davenport, Charles Benedict

doi:10.5962/bhl.title.53917

Cited by 16 publications

(23 citation statements)

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“…The crest characterized by elongated feathers on the top of head is generally observed in wild and domestic birds. One of the genes responsible for the crest is known as an incomplete autosomal dominant gene Cr (Davenport, ) but it has never been identified.…”

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“…In 17th century, Borellus () first described cerebral hernia in the crested chicken (Hagenbach, ; Darwin, ; Davenport, ). In 19th century, Tegetmeier () and Darwin () observed that in the Polish chicken the anterodorsal part of the frontal bone is expanded into a large spherical protuberance, and the external morphology of brain under the distinctive shaped skull is different from that of normal chickens.…”

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“…Compared to normal chicken brains, major regions (forebrain and hindbrain) of the Polish chicken seemed to be more separated from each other and the cerebral hemispheres were extruded into the spherical region of the skull (Tegetmeier, ). This morphological character was called “cerebral hernia” (Davenport, ). A typical cerebral hernia as observed in the Polish chicken appears also in other crested chicken strains, including the Houdan chicken (Tegetmeier, ; Darwin, ; Davenport, ) and the Paduan chicken (Ghigi, ).…”

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“…This morphological character was called “cerebral hernia” (Davenport, ). A typical cerebral hernia as observed in the Polish chicken appears also in other crested chicken strains, including the Houdan chicken (Tegetmeier, ; Darwin, ; Davenport, ) and the Paduan chicken (Ghigi, ). In the case of the Silkie chicken, they are considered to carry a genetic factor for cerebral hernia but cerebral hernia does not appear due to genetic suppression (Dunn and Jull, ; Dunn and Landauer, ).…”

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Inheritance and Developmental Pattern of Cerebral Hernia in the Crested Polish Chicken

et al. 2012

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A number of crested chicken strains, such as the Polish chicken, exhibit a bony protuberance in the anterodorsal region of their skulls. The shape of their brain shows the anatomical peculiarity that is characterized by the upthrusting of cerebral hemispheres, called "cerebral hernia." Some early works suggested that this phenotype may be caused by a genetic factor and any modifiers influencing the development of brain and/or skull. However, the causative gene and its formation mechanism are still unclear. The present study is aimed to analyze the inheritance and ontogenic process of cerebral hernia in the crested Polish chicken. Firstly, we constructed the resource family with the Polish chicken and PNP inbred strain. Genetic analysis of this family revealed that cerebral hernia is controlled by a single autosomal recessive gene and is closely associated with crest formation. Furthermore, our morphological analysis of brain structures in the progenies suggested that the significant enlargement of brain cavity at later stages of embryos, particularly after 15 days of incubation, may be the main cause of cerebral hernia.

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Inheritance and Developmental Pattern of Cerebral Hernia in the Crested Polish Chicken

et al. 2012

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“…The fact that the embryo develops outside the body of the dam has facilitated a rich literature on its embryology (e.g., [6][7][8]. As for twentieth-century genetics, a plethora of books dating from the early 1900s to the present (e.g., 3,[9][10][11][12][13][14] laid the scientific foundation for the breeding of the modern broiler. For example, Punnett (10, p. v) dedicated his 1923 book to "William Bateson whose experiments with poultry offer the first demonstration of Mendelian heredity in the animal kingdom."…”

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Evolution of the Modern Broiler and Feed Efficiency

Siegel

2014

Annu. Rev. Anim. Biosci.

108

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Although the chicken was domesticated during the Neolithic period, the development of the modern broiler is a recent event that has occurred within the past 100 years. The chicken's adaptability has allowed it to be grown globally under a range of husbandry conditions. That is, the same genetic stock may be found in a range of environments, where it is noted for rapid growth to market weight and efficiency of feed use, which has increased dramatically, mainly through genetic selection. Under good husbandry and a high-energy diet, at 35 days of age a 1.40-kg broiler required 3.22 kg of feed in 1985. Twenty-five years later, we have a 2.44-kg broiler produced on 3.66 kg of feed. This review attempts to address the history of factors contributing to these changes, obstacles that have had to be overcome, and future limitations.

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Chicken HOXC8 and HOXC10 genes may play a role in the altered skull morphology associated with the Crest phenotype

Tsai

Chen

et al. 2023

J Exp Zool Pt B

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One of the most intriguing traits found in domestic chickens is the Crest phenotype. This trait, characterized by a tuft of elongated feathers sprouted from the head, is found in breeds such as Polish chickens and Silkie chickens. Moreover, some crested chicken breeds also exhibit a protuberance in their anterodorsal skull region. Previous studies have strived to identify the causative factors of this trait. This study aimed to elucidate the role of chicken HOXC8 and HOXC10 in the formation of the Crest phenotype. We explored the effect of ectopic expression of HOXC8 or HOXC10 on the chicken craniofacial morphology using the RCAS retrovirus transformation system. Microcomputed tomography scanning was conducted to measure the 3D structure of the cranial bone of transgenic embryos for geometric morphometric analysis. We found that the ectopic expression of HOXC8 or HOXC10 in chicken heads caused mild morphological changes in the skull compared with the GFP‐transgenic control group. Geometric morphometric analysis showed that HOXC8 and HOXC10 transgenic groups expressed a mild upward shape change in the frontal region of the skull compared with the control group, which is similar to what is seen in the crested chicken breeds. In conclusion, this study supports findings in previous studies in which HOX genes play a role in the formation of the altered skull morphology related to the Crest phenotype. It also supports that mutations in HOX genes may contribute to intra‐ and inter‐specific variation in morphological traits in vertebrates.

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Inheritance in poultry

Cited by 16 publications

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Inheritance and Developmental Pattern of Cerebral Hernia in the Crested Polish Chicken

Inheritance and Developmental Pattern of Cerebral Hernia in the Crested Polish Chicken

Evolution of the Modern Broiler and Feed Efficiency

Chicken HOXC8 and HOXC10 genes may play a role in the altered skull morphology associated with the Crest phenotype

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