Inheritance of Resistance to Helminthosporium Blight, Crown Rust Race 216, and Stem Rust Race 7A in Oats<sup>1</sup>

Rivers, G. W.

doi:10.2134/agronj1959.00021962005100100010x

Cited by 2 publications

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“…victoriae (Luke et , 1960) . Evidence has mounted that susceptibility to H. victoriae in oats is controlled by a single dominant gene (Finker, 1953;Rivers, 1959;and Welch and Peturson, 1954).…”

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The effects of heterogeneous oat populations on the epiphytotic development of Victoria blight

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Bundle weight Grain yields 4 3 Test weights 7 Rates of increases in bundle weights, grain yields, and test weights Disease and lodging indices Experiment 2-yield trials Experiment 3A-rates of spread 10-day seedling stand counts Mature plant stands Experiment 3B-spore population 70 Experiment 3C-spore trapping 78 Greenhouse Experiments 82 Experiment 4-yield trials 82 Experiment 5-diseased seedlings 90 Seedling emergence 91 Diseased seedlings 93 Experiment 6-seedlings grown in rootobservation boxes 9 8 Root development 102 Laboratory Experiments 112 Experiment 7-rates of spread 112 Experiment 8-root exudates in agar 119 H. victoriae growth 119 Experiment 9-comparative influence of extracted root exudates on H. victoriae 127 Dry mycelium weight 128 Seedling roots from which exudates were produced 131 iv Page pH of extracts 132 Victorin toxin assay Spore germination 139 Respiration rates of sclerotia 146 Experiment 10-analysis of root exudates Reducing sugars Total carbohydrates a-amino nitrogen Identification of sugars and amino acids DISCUSSION Yield Components Influence of Root Exudates on Inoculum Potential and Disease Incidence 167 Crop Blends and Genetic Diversity 171 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION 176 LITERATURE CITED 17 8 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 19 3 REVIEW OF LITERATURE Victoria Blight and Helminthosporium victoriae H. victoriae Meehan and Murphy is a relatively "new" fungus first isolated from oats and timothy seeds in 1944 (Meehan and Murphy, 19 46). Circumstances in which a "new" pathogen may evolve in response to a new crop genotype, or where the incidence of a pathogen is correlated with plant population structure are not uncommon (Johnson, 1961; Yarwood, 1970). Precisely, this was the case with H. victoriae• The replacement of Avena sativa L. cv. Richland with cultivars derived from crosses with Victoria, such as Richland-Victoria derivatives that occupied, in 1945, well over 90 per cent and 50 per cent of the total acreage planted with oats in Iowa and the USA, respectively, resulted in crop losses estimated to be as high as 32 per cent by 194 7, due to Victoria blight, the oat disease caused by H. victoriae (Stakman and Christensen, 1950). Thus, the selection of oats with the Victoria-type resistance to rusts, unconsciously resulted in selection of varieties susceptible to H. victoriae, a pathogen previously unknown. Resistant Bond derivatives were quickly introduced to replace the susceptible Victoria lines, with the result that by 1949, Bond acreage rose from 0.05 per cent in 1945 to 98 per cent in Iowa (Stakman and Christensen, 1960). The hypothesis of a gene with pleiotrophic effects was

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The effects of heterogeneous oat populations on the epiphytotic development of Victoria blight

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Opportunities and Obstacles in the Culture of Cereal Protoplasts and Calluses

Galston¹,

Adams²,

Brenneman³

et al. 1977

Molecular Genetic Modification of Eucaryotes

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Inheritance of Resistance to Helminthosporium Blight, Crown Rust Race 216, and Stem Rust Race 7A in Oats¹

Cited by 2 publications

References 8 publications

The effects of heterogeneous oat populations on the epiphytotic development of Victoria blight

The effects of heterogeneous oat populations on the epiphytotic development of Victoria blight

Opportunities and Obstacles in the Culture of Cereal Protoplasts and Calluses

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Inheritance of Resistance to Helminthosporium Blight, Crown Rust Race 216, and Stem Rust Race 7A in Oats1

Cited by 2 publications

References 8 publications

The effects of heterogeneous oat populations on the epiphytotic development of Victoria blight

The effects of heterogeneous oat populations on the epiphytotic development of Victoria blight

Opportunities and Obstacles in the Culture of Cereal Protoplasts and Calluses

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Inheritance of Resistance to Helminthosporium Blight, Crown Rust Race 216, and Stem Rust Race 7A in Oats¹