Inheritance of Teat Number and its Relationship to Maternal Traits in Swine

Pumfrey, R. A.; Johnson, R. K.; Cunningham, P. J.; Zimmerman, David

doi:10.2527/jas1980.5061057x

Cited by 36 publications

(25 citation statements)

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“…Removing dominance effects from the mixed model resulted only in a 0.5% reduction in the observed accuracy of predicting phenotypic values, although the reductions in the expected accuracy of predicting phenotypic values (7.6%) and in the expected accuracy of predicting genetic values (3.9%) were considerably larger for unknown reasons (Table 2). Previously, a maternal effect on teat number was reported [24] but has not been studied by GWAS or genomic prediction. Data error is a source of phenotypic variation, but teat number is easy to measure and any data errors that might have occurred would only be minor, given that our GWAS results on chromosome 7 agreed with those of other studies [2, 3] and that our genomic heritability estimates are consistent with those based on pedigree data [3, 23].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome-wide association study and accuracy of genomic prediction for teat number in Duroc pigs using genotyping-by-sequencing

Tan

Ren

et al. 2017

Genet Sel Evol

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BackgroundThe number of teats in pigs is related to a sow’s ability to rear piglets to weaning age. Several studies have identified genes and genomic regions that affect teat number in swine but few common results were reported. The objective of this study was to identify genetic factors that affect teat number in pigs, evaluate the accuracy of genomic prediction, and evaluate the contribution of significant genes and genomic regions to genomic broad-sense heritability and prediction accuracy using 41,108 autosomal single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from genotyping-by-sequencing on 2936 Duroc boars.ResultsNarrow-sense heritability and dominance heritability of teat number estimated by genomic restricted maximum likelihood were 0.365 ± 0.030 and 0.035 ± 0.019, respectively. The accuracy of genomic predictions, calculated as the average correlation between the genomic best linear unbiased prediction and phenotype in a tenfold validation study, was 0.437 ± 0.064 for the model with additive and dominance effects and 0.435 ± 0.064 for the model with additive effects only. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) using three methods of analysis identified 85 significant SNP effects for teat number on chromosomes 1, 6, 7, 10, 11, 12 and 14. The region between 102.9 and 106.0 Mb on chromosome 7, which was reported in several studies, had the most significant SNP effects in or near the PTGR2, FAM161B, LIN52, VRTN, FCF1, AREL1 and LRRC74A genes. This region accounted for 10.0% of the genomic additive heritability and 8.0% of the accuracy of prediction. The second most significant chromosome region not reported by previous GWAS was the region between 77.7 and 79.7 Mb on chromosome 11, where SNPs in the FGF14 gene had the most significant effect and accounted for 5.1% of the genomic additive heritability and 5.2% of the accuracy of prediction. The 85 significant SNPs accounted for 28.5 to 28.8% of the genomic additive heritability and 35.8 to 36.8% of the accuracy of prediction.ConclusionsThe three methods used for the GWAS identified 85 significant SNPs with additive effects on teat number, including SNPs in a previously reported chromosomal region and SNPs in novel chromosomal regions. Most significant SNPs with larger estimated effects also had larger contributions to the total genomic heritability and accuracy of prediction than other SNPs.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12711-017-0311-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome-wide association study and accuracy of genomic prediction for teat number in Duroc pigs using genotyping-by-sequencing

Tan

Ren

et al. 2017

Genet Sel Evol

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“…Number of teats in pigs is a variable and heritable trait. Number of teats differs between breeds, for example [4–6], and is moderately heritable [7–10]. Numerous genome scans have been conducted for number of teats in pigs (QTLdb; http://www.animalgenome.org/cgi-bin/QTLdb/SS/index), yet to date, few causative genes (or variants) have been discovered.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic analysis of teat number in pigs reveals some developmental pathways independent of vertebra number and several loci which only affect a specific side

Rohrer

Nonneman

2017

Genet Sel Evol

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BackgroundNumber of functional teats is an important trait in commercial swine production. As litter size increases, the number of teats must also increase to supply nutrition to all piglets. Therefore, a genome-wide association analysis was conducted to identify genomic regions that affect this trait in a commercial swine population. Genotypic data from the Illumina Porcine SNP60v1 BeadChip were available for 2951 animals with total teat number (TTN) records. A subset of these animals (n = 1828) had number of teats on each side recorded. From this information, the following traits were derived: number of teats on the left (LTN) and right side (RTN), maximum number of teats on a side (MAX), difference between LTN and RTN (L − R) and absolute value of L − R (DIF). Bayes C option of GENSEL (version 4.61) and 1-Mb windows were implemented. Identified regions that explained more than 1.5% of the genomic variation were tested in a larger group of animals (n = 5453) to estimate additive genetic effects.ResultsMarker heritabilities were highest for TTN (0.233), intermediate for individual side counts (0.088 to 0.115) and virtually nil for difference traits (0.002 for L − R and 0.006 for DIF). Each copy of the VRTN mutant allele increased teat count by 0.35 (TTN), 0.16 (LTN and RTN) and 0.19 (MAX). 15, 18, 13 and 18 one-Mb windows were detected that explained more than 1.0% of the genomic variation for TTN, LTN, RTN, and MAX, respectively. These regions cumulatively accounted for over 50% of the genomic variation of LTN, RTN and MAX, but only 30% of that of TTN. Sus scrofa chromosome SSC10:52 Mb was associated with all four count traits, while SSC10:60 and SSC14:54 Mb were associated with three count traits. Thirty-three SNPs accounted for nearly 39% of the additive genetic variation in the validation dataset. No effect of piglet sex or percentage of males in litter was detected, but birth weight was positively correlated with TTN.ConclusionsTeat number is a heritable trait and use of genetic markers would expedite selection progress. Exploiting genetic variation associated with teat counts on each side would enhance selection focused on total teat counts. These results confirm QTL on SSC4, seven and ten and identify a novel QTL on SSC14.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12711-016-0282-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…It was reported by the tribes that the sow in the last stage of gestation goes into the forest for farrowing. The number of teats was an important trait for the mothering ability of sows (Pumfrey et al, 1980) and, in particular, teat number played a significant role when there are more piglets than number of teats (Hirooka et al, 2001). After a month, the sow, along with her 8-10 piglets ( Figure 10), comes to the tribal shelter and, therefore, litter size at birth and mortality were not known.…”

Section: Performance and Breed Utilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Nicobari pig: an indigenous pig germplasm of the Nicobar group of Islands, India

Jeyakumar¹,

Sunder²,

Kundu³

et al. 2014

Anim. Genet. Resour.

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The Andaman & Nicobar Islands are a group of 572 large and small islands & islets in the southeastern part of the Bay of Bengal. This preliminary study reports on husbandry practices and phenotypic characterization of indigenous Nicobari pig, in its home tract (Nicobar group of islands). A total of 377 families were surveyed in randomly selected villages on Car Nicobar, Nancowrie, Teressa, Katchal and Chowra islands. Results of the study revealed that Nicobari pigs were mostly semi feral in nature and reared under a free range system. Pigs were fed mainly with coconut and other locally available resources. The Nicobari pigs appeared short with long body. They showed high prolificacy with an average litter size of 8-10 numbers. These pigs were considered as a family asset among the Nicobari tribe. No commercial farms and slaughter was practiced by the tribes. It is concluded that the Nicobari pigs are considered as an indigenous pig breed/germplasm (Sus scrofa Nicobaricus) belonging to this island territory. Owing to its adaptation and performance under resource-driven island ecosystem, Nicobari pig warrants conservation and improvement. In addition, genetic characterization this pig using SNP would help to confirm their genetic distinctiveness and recognition as a new breed for conservation and sustainable utilization. RésuméLes îles Andaman-et-Nicobar sont un ensemble de 572 îles et îlots de différentes tailles situés dans la partie Sud-orientale du Golfe du Bengale. Cette étude préliminaire traite des pratiques d'élevage et de la caractérisation phénotypique du porc autochtone Nicobari dans son milieu d'origine (l'archipel des Nicobar). Un total de 377 familles a été enquêté dans différents villages choisis au hasard dans les îles Car Nicobar, Nancowry, Teressa, Katchal et Chowra. Les résultats de l'étude ont décelé que les porcs Nicobari se trouvaient pour la plupart dans un état semi-sauvage et étaient élevés en complète liberté. Les porcs étaient nourris principalement avec des noix de coco et avec d'autres ressources disponibles dans la zone. Les porcs Nicobari sont bas mais leur corps est long. Ils présentent une prolificité élevée avec une taille moyenne des portées de 8-10 porcelets. Ces porcs sont très prisés par les familles de la tribu Nicobari. Il n'existe pas de fermes commerciales et l'abattage est pratiqué directement par les tribus. Il peut donc être considéré que les porcs Nicobari constituent une race porcine autochtone o une ressource génétique (Sus scrofa Nicobaricus) appartenant à ce territoire insulaire. Compte tenu de son adaptation et de sa capacité à produire avec les ressources existantes dans l'écosystème des îles, le porc Nicobari ne pose pas de problèmes à sa conservation et à son amélioration. Par ailleurs, la caractérisation génétique de ces porcins en utilisant les polymorphismes nucléotidiques pourrait servir à confirmer leur singularité génétique et à obtenir leur reconnaissance comme une nouvelle race devant être conservée et exploitée de manière durable.Mots-clés: conservation...

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Inheritance of Teat Number and its Relationship to Maternal Traits in Swine

Cited by 36 publications

References 7 publications

Genome-wide association study and accuracy of genomic prediction for teat number in Duroc pigs using genotyping-by-sequencing

Genome-wide association study and accuracy of genomic prediction for teat number in Duroc pigs using genotyping-by-sequencing

Genetic analysis of teat number in pigs reveals some developmental pathways independent of vertebra number and several loci which only affect a specific side

Nicobari pig: an indigenous pig germplasm of the Nicobar group of Islands, India

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