Inheritance of yellow-flowered characteristic and yellow pigments in diploid cyclamen (Cyclamen persicum Mill.) cultivars

Takamura, Tsutomu; Tomihama, Tsuyoshi; Miyajima, Ikuo

doi:10.1016/0304-4238(95)00834-x

Cited by 15 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…1). There are two missing colour groups in cyclamen, the orange-red of pelargonidin-derived anthocyanins [6] and blue, even though some delphinidin-derived anthocyanins often associated with blue flower colours are present in maroon to purple cultivars [1-3,6]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation and antisense suppression of flavonoid 3', 5'-hydroxylase modifies flower pigments and colour in cyclamen

et al. 2010

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BackgroundCyclamen is a popular and economically significant pot plant crop in several countries. Molecular breeding technologies provide opportunities to metabolically engineer the well-characterized flavonoid biosynthetic pathway for altered anthocyanin profile and hence the colour of the flower. Previously we reported on a genetic transformation system for cyclamen. Our aim in this study was to change pigment profiles and flower colours in cyclamen through the suppression of flavonoid 3', 5'-hydroxylase, an enzyme in the flavonoid pathway that plays a determining role in the colour of anthocyanin pigments.ResultsA full-length cDNA putatively identified as a F3'5'H (CpF3'5'H) was isolated from cyclamen flower tissue. Amino acid and phylogeny analyses indicated the CpF3'5'H encodes a F3'5'H enzyme. Two cultivars of minicyclamen were transformed via Agrobacterium tumefaciens with an antisense CpF3'5'H construct. Flowers of the transgenic lines showed modified colour and this correlated positively with the loss of endogenous F3'5'H transcript. Changes in observed colour were confirmed by colorimeter measurements, with an overall loss in intensity of colour (C) in the transgenic lines and a shift in hue from purple to red/pink in one cultivar. HPLC analysis showed that delphinidin-derived pigment levels were reduced in transgenic lines relative to control lines while the percentage of cyanidin-derived pigments increased. Total anthocyanin concentration was reduced up to 80% in some transgenic lines and a smaller increase in flavonol concentration was recorded. Differences were also seen in the ratio of flavonol types that accumulated.ConclusionTo our knowledge this is the first report of genetic modification of the anthocyanin pathway in the commercially important species cyclamen. The effects of suppressing a key enzyme, F3'5'H, were wide ranging, extending from anthocyanins to other branches of the flavonoid pathway. The results illustrate the complexity involved in modifying a biosynthetic pathway with multiple branch points to different end products and provides important information for future flower colour modification experiments in cyclamen.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation and antisense suppression of flavonoid 3', 5'-hydroxylase modifies flower pigments and colour in cyclamen

et al. 2010

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“…Carotenoids are responsible for the deep yellow flowers of rose (Eugster and Märki-Fischer, 1991), chrysanthemum (Kishimoto et al, 2004) and pansy (Molnár and Szabolcs, 1980;Molnár et al, 1986), whereas flavonoids make up the pale yellow flowers of many floricultural plants including Eustoma (Asen et al, 1986;Markham and Ofman, 1993), carnation (Itoh et al, 2002) and cyclamen (Takamura et al, 1995). It has been widely thought that deep yellow forms of these flowers do not exist because they did not accumulate high levels of carotenoids.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Carotenoid-derived Yellow Eustoma Screened under Blue and Ultraviolet Lights

Nakayama¹,

Miyasaka²,

Maoka³

et al. 2006

J. Japan. Soc. Hort. Sci.

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We developed easy, non-destructive methods to investigate the presence of carotenoid and flavonoids in petals by observing them under blue and ultraviolet lights, which are characteristically absorbed by yellow pigments. By using these methods we identified a Eustoma cultivar whose yellow petal coloration was attributed to its carotenoid content. The identification refutes the notion that yellow Eustoma cultivars lack carotenoids. Hence, deep yellow cultivars of this species may be bred in the future. Carotenoids in yellow petals of Eustoma were identified as all-E-neoxanthin, 9'-Z-neoxanthin, violaxanthin, lutein, zeaxanthin and β-carotene. Being different in green bud, most carotenoids occurred as conjugates in open petal, which suggests a stage-specific regulation of carotenoid metabolism. The qualitative and quantitative methods used in this report could be applied to identify other carotenoid-derived yellow flower cultivars in other horticultural species.

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“…Flowers of 'Golden Boy' accumulate chalcone 2-glucoside (Ch2G) into their pale yellow owers as their major ower pigment, and also quercetin and kaempferol in trace amounts, suggesting that the biosynthetic pathway from chalcone to a flavonoid is inactivated ( Figure 1D) (Miyajima et al 1991;Sugimura et al 1997). Furthermore, because 'Golden Boy' accumulates Ch2G in owers as well as leaves, petioles and cotyledons, these organs are yellow green (Takamura et al 1993;1995).…”

Section: Flower Colors and Pigments And Flavonoid Pathways Of Ur Kmmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, in this pale yellow ower mutant, the leaves also expressed a yellow-green coloration on the back ( Figure 1W, yellow arrowhead), whereas the leaves emerging from the region with pale purple original owers expressed a red-purple coloration on the back ( Figure 1W, purple arrowhead). Since the linkage between ower color and leaf color has been reported in cyanic cyclamen cultivars and 'Golden Boy' (Takamura et al1993;1995), change in leaf color would be a useful index for selecting mutants with yellow owers in fragrant cyclamens. Molecular aspects of Ch2G and its related genes are described by Hase et al (2012, in this issue).…”

Section: Mutation Induction In Dihaploid Of Gbcpmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Flowers of C. purpurascens with a purple slip and a deep purple eye accumulate malvidin 3,5-diglucoside (Mv3,5dG) along with quercetin and kaempferol ( Figure 1A) 2005). In acyanic cyclamens, 'Pure White' accumulates quercetin and kaempferol into their white owers as the major pigment ( Figure 1C) (Miyajima et al 1991;Takamura et al 1995). Flowers of 'Golden Boy' accumulate chalcone 2-glucoside (Ch2G) into their pale yellow owers as their major ower pigment, and also quercetin and kaempferol in trace amounts, suggesting that the biosynthetic pathway from chalcone to a flavonoid is inactivated ( Figure 1D) (Miyajima et al 1991;Sugimura et al 1997).…”

Section: Flower Colors and Pigments And Flavonoid Pathways Of Ur Kmmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Production of novel flower color mutants from the fragrant cyclamen (Cyclamen persicum^|^times;C. purpurascens) by ion-beam irradiation

Ishizaka

Kondo

Kameari

2012

Plant Biotechnology

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Abstracte fragrant cyclamens 'Uruwashi-no-kaori' (UR), 'Kaori-no-mai' (KM), 'Kokou-no-kaori' (KO) were bred from amphidiploids that were derived by chromosome doubling of the hybrid among Cyclamen persicum 'Strauss', 'Pure White' and fragrant wild species of C. purpurascens. Amphidiploid of GBCP was produced by chromosome doubling of the hybrid between C. persicum 'Golden Boy' and fragrant wild species of C. purpurascens. In order to create novel ower colors, mutation breeding with carbon-ion-beam irradiation was carried out using amphidiploids of UR, KM and KO as well as dihaploids of UR, KM and GBCP. Immature petals or etiolated petioles of the amphidiploids and dihaploids were irradiated, and plant tissue culture techniques were used to produce material for additional investigations. Furthermore, the stepwise improvement of ower color was achieved by irradiating 'ion3', which had been derived from dihaploid of UR by ion-beam irradiation. e mutants thus obtained were evaluated for breeding new cultivars of fragrant cyclamens. e tissues were then analyzed in terms of their avonoid pigment content and their related genes. Key words:Flower pigment, fragrant cyclamen, ion-beam, mutation, tissue culture.The genus Cyclamen, family Myrsinaceae, includes 22 species. All species of Cyclamen form a tuber and consistently propagate by seed, but never propagate by natural splitting (Grey-Wilson 2002). Ornamental cyclamen cultivars, highly popular pot plants in several countries, have been developed through the crossing of selected natural mutants of wild C. persicum (2n=2x=48). Flowers of C. persicum-derived cultivars may have a purple, pink, red, pale yellow or white 'slip', with an 'eye'; occasionally, the slip is pale yellow, pale pink or white and there is no 'eye'. 'Eye' refers to the bases of the petals colored deep purple and 'slip' refers to the other, non-eye parts of the petal, of various colors (Figure 1). Moreover, these flowers emit woody-or powdery-like scent, which has been expected to improve. In contrast, C. purpurascens (2n=2x=34) has small owers that consist of a purple slip and a deep purple eye, that emit a sweet fragrance, i.e. a rose-, hyacinth-or lily of the valley-like fragrance ( Figure 1A) (Grey-Wilson 2002;Ishizaka et al. 2002). The ornamental value of the cultivars of C. persicum would be enhanced by the introduction of fragrance properties of C. purpurascens.However, C. purpurascens has been neither improved as a major commercial cultivar nor used as breeding material.In earlier work, an allodiploid (2n=2x=41) was produced by the crossing of C. persicum cultivars (2n=2x=48) and C. purpurascens (2n=2x=34) through ovule culture techniques for rescuing abortive hybrid embryos, although all the allodiploids were sterile (Ishizaka and Uematsu 1995). In our subsequent study, however, fertile allotetraploids (amphidiploid, 2n=4x=82) were successfully produced by inducing chromosome doubling with in vitro colchicine treatment of the hybrid ovules. Consequently, two types of fertile amphidiploid plant...

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Inheritance of yellow-flowered characteristic and yellow pigments in diploid cyclamen (Cyclamen persicum Mill.) cultivars

Cited by 15 publications

References 6 publications

Isolation and antisense suppression of flavonoid 3', 5'-hydroxylase modifies flower pigments and colour in cyclamen

Isolation and antisense suppression of flavonoid 3', 5'-hydroxylase modifies flower pigments and colour in cyclamen

A Carotenoid-derived Yellow Eustoma Screened under Blue and Ultraviolet Lights

Production of novel flower color mutants from the fragrant cyclamen (Cyclamen persicum^|^times;C. purpurascens) by ion-beam irradiation

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