Inhibition and transport kinetic studies involving l-leucine, l-valine, and their dipeptides in Leuconostoc mesenteroides

Mayshak, Janice; Yoder, Omar C.; Beamer, Kathryn C.; Shelton, D. C.

doi:10.1016/0003-9861(66)90173-1

Cited by 14 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 11 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The carrier system resembles an enzymatic process in many ways and, like an enzyme reaction, it can be described by 13,14,20). The kinetics of the system were consistent with a mechanism of uptake that depended on a limited number of sites on the cell surface.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

Amino Acid Transport by the Filamentous Fungus Arthrobotrys conoides

Gupta

Pramer

1970

J Bacteriol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Uptake of L-valine by germinated spores of Arthrobotrys conoides has all the characteristics of a system of transport that requires an expenditure of energy by the cells. It is dependent on temperature and has an energy of activation of 16,000 cal/mole. Uptake is optimal at pH 5 to 6. L-Valine accumulated against a concentration gradient and is not lost from the cells by leakage or exchange. The process requires energy supplied by the metabolic reactions that are inhibited by catalytic amounts of 2, 4-dinitrophenol and azide. The kinetics of the system are consistent with a mechanism of transport that depends on a limited number of sites on the cell surface, and the Michaelis constant for the system is 1.5 X 10-5 to 7.5 X 10-5 M. Modification of the amino or carboxyl group abolishes L-valine uptake. The process is competitively inhibited by D-valine, glycine, and other neutral amino acids (Ki = 1.5 x 10-5 to 4.0 X 10-5 M), indicating a lack of stereospecificity, and also indicating that aliphatic side chain is not required for binding with the carrier. The transport system has less affinity for acidic amino acids (glutamic and aspartic acids) than neutral amino acids, and a greater affinity for basic amino acids (histidine, lysine, and arginine). The range of affinity is in the order of 100, as measured in terms of Ki values for various compounds. The data presented provide suggestive evidence that the uptake by A. conoides of all amino acids except proline is mediated by a single carrier system that possesses an overall negative charge. Nematode-trapping fungi are fascinating organisms that use specialized structures to trap, kill, and digest their prey (15). Traps are not always formed by these fungi unless nematodes are in their vicinity. Nematodes seem to trigger the formation of traps by producing a morphogenetic substance which was named "nemin" (17). Chemical fractionation of nematodes suggested that nemin is a peptide-like substance (16). Some commercially available amino acids, particularly the branched-chain, aliphatic compounds, valine, leucine, and isoleucine, were found to have nemin activity and, of these, valine was the most effective (L. M. Wootton and D. Pramer, Bacteriol. Proc., p. 75, 1966). When an attempt was made to explain the activity of valine by reference to the literature, it became evident that little was known of amino acid uptake and metabolism by filamentous fungi. Most work in this area has been done with animal cells and tissues, and bacteria. The

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

Amino Acid Transport by the Filamentous Fungus Arthrobotrys conoides

Gupta

Pramer

1970

J Bacteriol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Additionally, Leuconostoc strains used in the cheese-making process show that AA use is limited to branched-chain AAs in the case of milk, because l -leucine and l -valine commonly act as competitive inhibitors occupied by branched AA transport systems for the uptake of AAs in Ln. mesenteroides (Mayshak et al, 1966; Winters et al, 1991; Foucaud et al, 2001). Hence, these properties of having species-specific metabolism presumably affecting AA concentrations and consecutively other metabolite changes are also thought to align with aspects of a key feature of CDP production in raw material fermentation affected by fermentation control parameters.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proline-Based Cyclic Dipeptides from Korean Fermented Vegetable Kimchi and from Leuconostoc mesenteroides LBP-K06 Have Activities against Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria

Kim

Kwak

et al. 2017

Front. Microbiol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Lactobacillus plantarum and Leuconostoc mesenteroides play a prominent role as functional starters and predominant isolates in the production of various types of antimicrobial compound-containing fermented foods, especially including kimchi. In the case of the bioactive cyclic dipeptides, their racemic diastereomers inhibitory to bacteria and fungi have been suggested to come solely from Lactobacillus spp. of these strains. We previously demonstrated the antifungal and antiviral activities of proline-based cyclic dipeptides, which were fractionated from culture filtrates of Lb. plantarum LBP-K10 originated from kimchi. However, cyclic dipeptides have not been identified in the filtrates, either from cultures or fermented subject matter, driven by Ln. mesenteroides, which have been widely used as starter cultures for kimchi fermentation. Most importantly, the experimental verification of cyclic dipeptide-content changes during kimchi fermentation have also not been elucidated. Herein, the antibacterial fractions, including cyclo(Leu-Pro) and cyclo(Phe-Pro), from Ln. mesenteroides LBP-K06 culture filtrates, which exhibited a typical chromatographic retention behavior (tR), were identified by using semi-preparative high-performance liquid chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Based on this finding, the proline-based cyclic dipeptides, including cyclo(Ser-Pro), cyclo(Tyr-Pro), and cyclo(Leu-Pro), were additionally identified in the filtrates only when fermenting Chinese cabbage produced with Ln. mesenteroides LBP-K06 starter cultures. The detection and isolation of cyclic dipeptides solely in controlled fermented cabbage were conducted under the control of fermentation-process parameters concomitantly with strong CDP selectivity by using a two-consecutive-purification strategy. Interestingly, cyclic dipeptides in the filtrates, when using this strain as a starter, increased with fermentation time. However, no cyclic dipeptides were observed in the filtrates of other fermented products, including other types of kimchi and fermented materials of plant and animal origin. This is the first report to conclusively demonstrate evidence for the existence of antimicrobial cyclic dipeptides produced by Ln. mesenteroides in kimchi. Through filtrates from lactic acid bacterial cultures and from fermented foods, we have also proved a method of combining chromatographic fractionation and mass spectrometry-based analysis for screening cyclic dipeptide profiling, which may allow evaluation of the fermented dairy foods from a new perspective.

show abstract

“…Studies have focused on evaluation of their diversity (Demirci and Hemme 1995;Ç ibik et al 2000;Gendrot et al 2000) and also on their physiological and biochemical abilities: growth in milk Hemme 1994, 1995;Bellengier et al 1997a,b), citrate metabolism (Bellengier et al 1993(Bellengier et al , 1994, nutritional requirements (Bellengier et al 1997a;Foucaud et al 1997Foucaud et al , 1998Foucaud et al , 2001 and nitrogenous nutrient utilization and transport (Winters et al 1991;Gendrot et al 2000;Foucaud et al 2001;Germain-Alpettaz and Foucaud-Scheunemann 2002). Despite the interest in amino acids as a source of nitrogen in milk, data concerning their utilization are rare or limited to branched-chain amino acids (Mayshak et al 1966;Winters et al 1991;Foucaud et al 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2001; Germain‐Alpettaz and Foucaud‐Scheunemann 2002). Despite the interest in amino acids as a source of nitrogen in milk, data concerning their utilization are rare or limited to branched‐chain amino acids (Mayshak et al . 1966; Winters et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of amino acid transport in the dairy strain Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp. mesenteroides CNRZ 1273

Gendrot

Foucaud-Scheunemann

Ferchichi

et al. 2002

Lett Appl Microbiol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Aims: To identify and characterize amino acid transport in Leuconostoc mesenteroides. Methods and Results: The transport of labelled amino acids was measured in whole cells of Leuc. mesenteroides CNRZ 1273. Systems were operative under physiological conditions of growth, energy dependent and differed from peptide transport. Some of the systems were shared by several amino acids. Kinetic analysis indicated the presence of three transport systems with very high (VH), high (H) and low affinity (H) for the 11 amino acids studied. The K t values (lmol l )1 ) ranged from 0AE088 to 0AE815 (VH), 6-390 (H) and 320-4500 (L) and the V max values [nmol s )1 (g dry weight))1 ] from 0AE015 to 0AE8 (VH), 15-95 (H) and 90-470 (L). Conclusions:The study showed the presence of three transport systems in Leuc. mesenteroides for all amino acids tested, some of them being shared by several amino acids. Significance and Impact of the Study. The findings are discussed with reference to the growth of Leuc. mesenteroides in milk as pure or in mixed-strain culture with Lactococcus lactis.

show abstract

Inhibition and transport kinetic studies involving l-leucine, l-valine, and their dipeptides in Leuconostoc mesenteroides

Cited by 14 publications

References 11 publications

Amino Acid Transport by the Filamentous Fungus Arthrobotrys conoides

Amino Acid Transport by the Filamentous Fungus Arthrobotrys conoides

Proline-Based Cyclic Dipeptides from Korean Fermented Vegetable Kimchi and from Leuconostoc mesenteroides LBP-K06 Have Activities against Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria

Characterization of amino acid transport in the dairy strain Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp. mesenteroides CNRZ 1273

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About