Inhibition of biofilm formation and antibacterial properties of a silver nano-coating on human dentine

Abstract

The survival of pathogenic bacteria in the oral cavity depends on their successful adhesion to dental surfaces and their ability to develop into biofilms, known as dental plaque. Bacteria from the dental plaque are responsible for the development of dental caries, gingivitis, periodontitis, stomatitis and peri-implantitis. Certain metal nanoparticles have been suggested for infection control and the management of the oral biofilm. Here, it is shown that application of a silver nano-coating directly on dentine can successfully prevent the biofilm formation on dentine surfaces as well as inhibit bacterial growth in the surrounding media. This silver nano-coating was found to be stable (>98.8%) and to maintain its integrity in biological fluids. Its antibacterial activity was compared to silver nitrate and the widely used clinical antiseptic, chlorhexidine. The bacterial growth and cell viability were quantitatively assessed by measuring the turbidity, proportion of live and dead cells and lactate production. All three bioassays showed that silver nanoparticles and silver nitrate dentine coatings were equally highly bactericidal (>99.5%), while inhibiting bacterial adhesion. However, the latter caused significant dentine discolouration (ΔE* = 50.3). The chlorhexidine coating showed no antibacterial effect. Thus, silver nanoparticles may be a viable alternative to both chlorhexidine and silver nitrate, protecting from dental plaque and secondary caries when applied as a dentine coating, while they may provide the platform for creating anti-biofilm surfaces in medical devices and other biomedical applications.

Fabrication of nonfouling, bactericidal, and bacteria corpse release multifunctional surface through surface-initiated RAFT polymerization

“…Bacterial biofilm is composed of bacteria and exopolysaccharides, proteins, minerals, nutrients, and waste discharge channels. [12][13][14] Unfortunately, the contaminated implants have to be extracted because there is no suitable treatment method to deal with the situation.…”

Antiadherence and Antimicrobial Properties of Silver Nanoparticles against Streptococcus mutans on Brackets and Wires Used for Orthodontic Treatments

“…Various studies have shown that a coverage of AgNPs in Journal of Nanomaterials human dentin can prevent biofilm formation on the surface of the dentin as well as inhibit bacterial growth around it [18,24]. According to the characterization of AgNPs, it is very well known that particles with zeta potential values between +30 and −30 mV are considered a stable suspension limiting the agglomeration [25,26].…”

Use of magnetic nanoparticles as a drug delivery system to improve chlorhexidine antimicrobial activity

“…45 It has also been shown that coating teeth with antibacterial nanomaterials is effective in restricting bacteria growth as well as inhibiting bacterial adhesion and preserving its integrity in the presence of saliva. 46 In our study, we report, for the first time, the enhanced activity of CHX-functionalized magnetic nanoparticles against Candida sp. which are the most common opportunistic pathogens in oral microbiota and play a key role in failure of root canal treatment.…”