Inhibition of Cancer Cell Migration by Compounds from Garlic Extracts

Abstract

Cell migration plays a fundamental role in cancer cell invasion and metastasis as well as in many physiological responses. Here, we screened four different sources of garlic-water extract of normal and black garlic, as well as dried normal and black garlic-for the identification of anti-invasive and anti-metastatic activity on cancer cells. Inhibition of cancer cell migration was observed in the hexane extract of dried-garlic. Inhibitory activity was further purified to near homogeneity by thin layer chromatography and named inhibitor of cancer metastasis from garlic #27 (ICMG-27). ICMG-27 completely blocked insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1)-induced OVCAR-3 cell migration at 6 μg/ml. ICMG-27 completely blocked IGF-1-induced OVCAR-3 and NIH-3T3 cell migration whereas IGF-1-induced mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF) cell migration was not affected byICMG-27. ICMG-27 inhibited all the tested IGF-1-induced cancer cell migration such as OVCAR-3, SKOV-3, and MDA-MB-231 cells. Finally, ICMG-27 could inhibit IGF-1-, lysophosphatidic acid (LPA)-, sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P)-, leukotriene B4 (LTB4)-, and angiotensin II (AngII)-induced OVCAR-3 cell migration. These results indicate that ICMG-27 inhibits cancer cell migration by blocking essential steps in many agonists-induced cancer cell migrations. Unveiling an anti-invasive mechanism of ICMG-27 on cancer cells will provide a basis for cancer therapy.

Anti-metastatic Effect of Garlic Hexane Extract on Lung Metastasis Induced by Melanoma B16F10 Cells in Mice

“…Recent studies have provided evidence that sarcoma cell migration was inhibited by aged garlic extract [7] and different garlic extracts [9]. However, it is still ambiguous by which agents suppress metastasis of cancer cells from garlic extracts.…”

“…During this process, hexane extract provide novel activity which suppresses the migration of cancer cells [9] and the proliferation of cancer cells [9], and garlic constituent sulfur [16], various solvent extracts were highly effective in suppressing growth of cancer cells in intro [10].…”

“…Recent studies in our team have revealed that a garlic-extracts or derived compounds are effective in suppressing metastasis [9,16,20], proliferation of cancer cells [8,10,21], sepsis [13] and inflammation [11,12,17].…”