Inhibition of cytochrome P450 enzymes by enrofloxacin in the sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax)

Vaccaro, E; Giorgi, Mario; Longo, Vincenzo; Mengozzi, G; Gervasi, Pier Giovanni

doi:10.1016/s0166-445x(02)00064-4

Cited by 95 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The strained cyclopropane ring of NOR may provide a site attacked by the CYP450 system and initiate the induction of isoform activity of the CYP450 family such as EROD. Vaccaro et al (2003) reported that NOR induces the inhibition of cytochrome P-450 monoxygenase activities in fish. This may lead to reactive intermediates responsible for suicidal enzymatic reactions which may also help explain the decrease of EROD at excessively high concentration of the xenobiotics.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The cytochrome P-450 (CYP450) enzyme system and the antioxidant defense system play a very important role in the metabolic response to xenobiotics in plants (Pfugmacher et al 1999) and other organisms. A large literature is available on the response of organismal CYP450 and antioxidant enzymes to pollutants (Vaccaro et al 2003;Bard et al 2002). Ethoxyresorufin-o-deethylase (EROD), a marker of the CYP450 enzyme system, is a well-documented biomarker in phase I transformations of pollutant in animals (Laville et al 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of norfloxacin and butylated hydroxyanisole on the freshwater microalga Scenedesmus obliquus

Nie

et al. 2009

Ecotoxicology

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The toxic effects of norfloxacin (NOR) and butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) on the microalga Scenedesmus obliquus were assessed in terms of growth rate, concentration of chlorophyll a, activities of 7-ethoxyresorufin-o-dealkylases (EROD), glutathione s-transferase (GST), catalase (CAT) and total malondialdehyde content (MDA). The 96 h EC(50) was 38.49 and 11.12 mg/l for NOR and BHA, respectively. Growth of S. obliquus was affected slightly under low concentrations of BHA (<4 mg/l) and NOR (<15 mg/l) over the 96 h exposure period. With the increasing concentrations of these two compounds, growth of S. oblique decreased significantly. Growth inhibition was 82.4% at 60.0 mg/l for NOR and 60.6% at 16.0 mg/l for BHA after 96 h. A similar trend was also observed for chlorophyll alpha. NOR and BHA affected Phase I and Phase II enzyme activities differently. Upon exposure to NOR, EROD was induced at concentration <15.0 mg/l and depressed at concentrations >30 mg/l significantly. CAT and GST exhibited similar trends during the exposure period. Compared to controls, MDA content only showed high induction at high concentrations of NOR (>30 mg/l). However, EROD activity did not display any change compared to control responses during BHA exposure, whereas GST showed significant induction for all concentrations over the exposure period. CAT activity showed induction at low concentration and depression at high concentration. MDA content increased with the rise of BHA during the exposure period. These types of assays, revealing toxic effects of NOR and BHA to phototrophs, could be employed to assess the potential risks of these xenobiotics to aquatic ecological systems.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of norfloxacin and butylated hydroxyanisole on the freshwater microalga Scenedesmus obliquus

Nie

et al. 2009

Ecotoxicology

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“…Besides the development of resistance by bacteria in fish, antibiotics may have direct effects on fish, including toxicity, immune suppression, alterations in normal bacterial flora of the gut, and growth and behavior (Piper 1961;Rijkers et al 1980Rijkers et al , 1981Wishkovsky et al 1987;Siwicki et al 1989;Reimschuessel et al 1996;Williams et al 1997;Gelsleichter et al 1998;Tafalla et al 1999;Vaccaro et al 2003;Navarrete et al 2008). Although administration of 25 mg kg -1 IM oxytetracycline to nurse sharks (Ginglymostoma cirratum) did not adversely affect the growth of the fish, elevation of liver enzymes suggested the possibility of hepatotoxicity (Gelsleichter et al 1998).…”

Section: Direct Effects Of Antibiotics On Fishmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibiotic use during the intracoelomic implantation of electronic tags into fish

Mulcahy

2010

Rev Fish Biol Fisheries

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“…Due to the development of vaccines, antibiotics usage in EU aquaculture has decreased markedly in the past decade, as shown by monitoring studies (European Commission 2002). Even though residues are kept under control for consumer safety, they may still be able to interfere with physiologic and/or metabolic processes of farmed fish and compromise their ability to metabolize other drugs and likely toxic chemicals (Ankley et al 1989;Vaccaro et al 2003). …”

Section: Food Safety: Animal Welfare and Human Consumptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…P450 enzymes have been successfully used in environmental pollution monitoring and assessment as specific markers of exposure in a wide variety of fish species, including farmed species such as European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax), European eel (Anguilla anguilla) and Gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) (Lemaire et al 1992a(Lemaire et al , b, 1996Van der Oost et al 1996;Novi et al 1998;Livingstone et al 2000;Pretti et al 2001). Variations of a fish metabolic activity might influence not only disposition and consequently accumulation of chemicals including drug and chemical residues (antibiotics and synthetic hormones), but also environmental pollutants like dioxins and PCBs (Miranda et al 1998;Moutou et al 1998;Ioannides 1999;Vaccaro et al 2003). 4.…”

Section: New Tools For Sustainable Aquaculturementioning

confidence: 99%

Safety issues and sustainable development of European aquaculture: new tools for environmentally sound aquaculture

2005

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Sustainable and long-term growth of the aquaculture industry should involve both ecologically sound practices and appropriate resource management. The increasing economic dimension of Mediterranean aquaculture is opening new economic niches and may be a valid support to reduce the pressure of traditional fisheries. Aquaculture practices can also lead to modifications of coastal habitats through the impact of wastes of land-based and open-sea mariculture facilities. In addition to these aspects which place a direct pressure on aquatic ecosystems and wild fishery resources, a wide range of environmental contaminants, such as chemicals used in farming operations, can accumulate in farmed organisms and put fish health and quality at risk. Thus, as aquaculture makes its transition to a major food-producing sector, proper assessment and control of environmental impacts and food safety awareness are becoming increasingly important. The development of simple tools able to monitor the extent of environmental and biological impacts associated with farming operations at various levels of biological complexity from the ecosystem to the organism level is required. Although a number of techniques for assessing the environmental and biological impact of pollutants in natural ecosystems are available, the development of practical and validated tools is sorely needed in aquaculture.

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Inhibition of cytochrome P450 enzymes by enrofloxacin in the sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax)

Cited by 95 publications

References 23 publications

Effects of norfloxacin and butylated hydroxyanisole on the freshwater microalga Scenedesmus obliquus

Effects of norfloxacin and butylated hydroxyanisole on the freshwater microalga Scenedesmus obliquus

Antibiotic use during the intracoelomic implantation of electronic tags into fish

Safety issues and sustainable development of European aquaculture: new tools for environmentally sound aquaculture

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