Inhibition of Dunning Tumor Growth by Melatonin

“…30). Several in vitro studies have reported a reduction in the growth of malignant cells and/or tumors of the breast (31)(32)(33)(34)(35) prostate (36)(37)(38)(39)(40)(41), and other tumor sites (42)(43)(44)(45)(46) by both pharmacologic and physiologic doses of melatonin. In rodent models, pinealectomy has been found to enhance tumor growth (47), and exogenous melatonin administration has shown anti-initiating (48) and oncostatic (49)(50)(51)(52) activities in various chemically induced cancers as well as in virus-transmitted tumors in mice (53).…”

Section: Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2008;17(12) December 2008mentioning

confidence: 99%

Melatonin as a Biomarker of Circadian Dysregulation

Mirick

Davis

2008

Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers &Amp; Prevention

144

108

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It would be most useful to identify a biomarker of circadian dysregulation that could be used in epidemiologic studies of the effects of circadian disruption in humans. An indicator of circulating melatonin level has been shown to be a good biomarker of circadian dysregulation and has been associated with nightshift work and exposure to light-at-night in both laboratorybased and field studies. Among other circadian markers (such as core body temperature), it remains comparatively robust in the presence of various external influences. It can be reliably measured directly and indirectly through its metabolites in urine, blood, and saliva. Urinary melatonin has been shown to be stable over time, making it useful in epidemiologic studies in which laboratory processing is not immediately available, as well as studies of cancer with long latency periods. Several studies have shown melatonin to be useful in measuring diurnal type, which is of increasing interest as it becomes more apparent that successful adaptation to shift work may be dependent on diurnal preference. (Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2008;17(12):3306 -13)

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“…Growth-inhibitory and oncostatic properties of melatonin have been well described. A number of in vitro studies have reported a reduction in the growth of malignant cells and/or tumors of the breast [41][42][43][44][45] prostate [46][47][48][49][50][51], and other tumor sites [52][53][54][55][56] by both pharmacological and physiologic doses of melatonin. In rodent models, pinealectomy has been found to enhance tumor growth [57], and exogenous melatonin administration has demonstrated anti-initiating [58] and oncostatic activity [59][60][61][62] in various chemically induced cancers as well as in virus transmitted tumors in mice [63].…”

Section: ó Springer 2006mentioning

confidence: 99%

Circadian Disruption, Shift Work and the Risk of Cancer: A Summary of the Evidence and Studies in Seattle

Davis

Mirick

2006

Cancer Causes Control

262

160

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There is increasing interest in the possibility that disruption of normal circadian rhythm may increase the risk of developing cancer. Persons who engage in nightshift work may exhibit altered nighttime melatonin levels and reproductive hormone profiles that could increase the risk of hormone-related diseases, including breast cancer. Epidemiologic studies are now beginning to emerge suggesting that women who work at night, and who experience sleep deprivation, circadian disruption, and exposure to light-at-night are at an increased risk of breast cancer, and possibly colorectal cancer as well. Several studies have been conducted in Seattle recently to investigate the effects of factors that can disrupt circadian rhythm and alter normal nocturnal production of melatonin and reproductive hormones of relevance to breast cancer etiology. Studies completed to date have found: (1) an increased risk of breast cancer associated with indicators of exposure to light-at-night and night shift work; and (2) decreased nocturnal urinary levels of 6-sulphatoxymelatonin associated with exposure to 60-Hz magnetic fields in the bedroom the same night, and a number of other factors including hours of daylight, season, alcohol consumption and body mass index. Recently completed is an experimental crossover study designed to investigate whether exposure to a 60-Hz magnetic field under controlled conditions in the home sleeping environment is associated with a decrease in nocturnal urinary concentration of 6-sulphatoxymelatonin, and an increase in the urinary concentration of luteinizing hormone, follicle stimulating hormone, and estradiol in a sample of healthy women of reproductive age. Presently underway is a study to determine whether working at night is associated with decreased levels of urinary 6-sulphatoxymelatonin, and increased urinary concentrations of the reproductive hormones listed above in a sample of healthy women of reproductive age, and to elucidate characteristics of sleep among night shift workers that are related to the hormone patterns identified. A proposal is under review to extend these studies to a sample of healthy men to investigate whether working at night is associated with decreased levels of urinary 6-sulphatoxymelatonin, and increased concentrations of urinary cortisol and cortisone, urinary levels of a number of androgen metabolites, and serum concentrations of a number of reproductive hormones. Secondarily, the proposed study will elucidate characteristics of sleep among night shift workers that are related to the hormone patterns identified, as well as investigate whether polymorphisms of the genes thought to regulate the human circadian clock are associated with the ability to adapt to night shift work. It is anticipated that collectively these studies will enhance our understanding of the role of circadian disruption in the etiology of cancer.

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Inhibition of Dunning Tumor Growth by Melatonin

Cited by 35 publications

References 21 publications

The Melatonin Hypothesis: Electric Power and Breast Cancer

The Melatonin Hypothesis: Electric Power and Breast Cancer

Melatonin as a Biomarker of Circadian Dysregulation

Circadian Disruption, Shift Work and the Risk of Cancer: A Summary of the Evidence and Studies in Seattle

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